放浪

Chinese

		to release; to free; to let go to release; to free; to let go; to put; to place; to let out	wave; breaker; unrestrained wave; breaker; unrestrained; dissipated
simp. and trad. (放浪)		放	浪

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fànglàng

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄤˋ ㄌㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fong³ long⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hòng-lōng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fànglàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˋ ㄌㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fànglàng
  - Wade–Giles: fang⁴-lang⁴
  - Yale: fàng-làng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fanqlanq
  - Palladius: фанлан (fanlan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fong³ long⁶
  - Yale: fong lohng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fong³ long⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fong³ long⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ³³ lɔːŋ²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hòng-lōng
  - Tâi-lô: hòng-lōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hornglong
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lɔŋ²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔŋ⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lɔŋ²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lɔŋ³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ lɔŋ³³/

Middle Chinese: pjangH langH

Rime
Character	放	浪
Reading #	2/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	甫妄切	來宕切
Baxter	pjangH	langH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉɐŋ^H/	/lɑŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷiɐŋ^H/	/lɑŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/piuɑŋ^H/	/lɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puaŋ^H/	/laŋ^H/
Li Rong	/piuaŋ^H/	/lɑŋ^H/
Wang Li	/pĭwaŋ^H/	/lɑŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/piwaŋ^H/	/lɑŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fàng	làng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fong³	long⁶

Verb

放浪

(literary) to be unrestrained; to be dissolute

Derived terms

放浪不羈 / 放浪不羁 (fànglàng bùjī)
放浪形骸 (fànglàng xínghái)

Related terms

放蕩／放荡 (fàngdàng)
放縱／放纵 (fàngzòng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
放	浪
ほう Grade: 3	ろう Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ほーろー [hòóróó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ho̞ːɾo̞ː]

Noun

放(ほう)浪(ろう) • (hōrō) ^{←はうらう (faurau)^?}

wandering
Synonyms: さすらい (sasurai), 流浪 (rurō)

Derived terms

放(ほう)浪(ろう)者(しゃ) (hōrōsha)
放(ほう)浪(ろう)生(せい)活(かつ) (hōrō seikatsu)
放(ほう)浪(ろう)癖(へき) (hōrōheki)

Adjective

放(ほう)浪(ろう) • (hōrō) ^{←はうらう (faurau)^?}^†-nari

acting as one's please

Inflection

Classical conjugation of "放浪なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	放浪なら	ほうろうなら	fourounara
Continuative (連用形)	放浪に^[1] 放浪なり^[2]	ほうろうにほうろうなり	fourouni fourounari
Terminal (終止形)	放浪なり	ほうろうなり	fourounari
Attributive (連体形)	放浪なる	ほうろうなる	fourounaru
Realis (已然形)	放浪なれ	ほうろうなれ	fourounare
Imperative (命令形)	放浪なれ	ほうろうなれ	fourounare
Key constructions
Negative	放浪ならず	ほうろうならず	fourounarazu
Contrasting conjunction	放浪なれど	ほうろうなれど	fourounaredo
Causal conjunction	放浪なれば	ほうろうなれば	fourounareba
Conditional conjunction	放浪ならば	ほうろうならば	fourounaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	放浪なりき	ほうろうなりき	fourounariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	放浪なりけり	ほうろうなりけり	fourounarikeri
Adverbial	放浪に	ほうろうに	fourouni

^[1]Without auxiliary verb.
^[2]With auxiliary verb.

Verb

放(ほう)浪(ろう)する • (hōrō suru) ^{←はうらう (faurau)^?}intransitive suru (stem 放(ほう)浪(ろう)し (hōrō shi), past 放(ほう)浪(ろう)した (hōrō shita))

wander
Synonyms: さすらう (sasurau), 流浪する (rurō suru)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "放浪する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	放浪し	ほうろうし	hōrō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	放浪し	ほうろうし	hōrō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	放浪する	ほうろうする	hōrō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	放浪する	ほうろうする	hōrō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	放浪すれ	ほうろうすれ	hōrō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	放浪せよ¹ 放浪しろ²	ほうろうせよ¹ ほうろうしろ²	hōrō seyo¹ hōrō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	放浪される	ほうろうされる	hōrō sareru
Causative	放浪させる放浪さす	ほうろうさせるほうろうさす	hōrō saseru hōrō sasu
Potential	放浪できる	ほうろうできる	hōrō dekiru
Volitional	放浪しよう	ほうろうしよう	hōrō shiyō
Negative	放浪しない	ほうろうしない	hōrō shinai
Negative continuative	放浪せず	ほうろうせず	hōrō sezu
Formal	放浪します	ほうろうします	hōrō shimasu
Perfective	放浪した	ほうろうした	hōrō shita
Conjunctive	放浪して	ほうろうして	hōrō shite
Hypothetical conditional	放浪すれば	ほうろうすれば	hōrō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“放浪”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
放	浪

Noun

放浪 • (bangnang) (hangeul 방랑)

hanja form^? of 방랑