挿げる
See also: 插げる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 挿 |
| す Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 插げる (kyūjitai) 箝げる |
Etymology
Regular shift from classical form 挿ぐ (sugu).[1][2][3][4]
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.
First cited to a text from 850.[2]
Probably cognate with verb 過ぎる (sugiru, “to pass by; to exceed, to surpass”, classical form sugu), adverb 直ぐ (sugu, “straight through”).
Pronunciation
Verb
挿げる • (sugeru) transitive ichidan (stem 挿げ (suge), past 挿げた (sugeta))
- [from 850] to open a hole in something and pass through a string or cord as a fastening
- [from 1221] to insert or fit something into something else, such as a mortise and tenon joint
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 挿げ | すげ | suge |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 挿げ | すげ | suge |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 挿げる | すげる | sugeru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 挿げる | すげる | sugeru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 挿げれ | すげれ | sugere |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 挿げよ¹ 挿げろ² |
すげよ¹ すげろ² |
sugeyo¹ sugero² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 挿げられる | すげられる | sugerareru |
| Causative | 挿げさせる 挿げさす |
すげさせる すげさす |
sugesaseru sugesasu |
| Potential | 挿げられる 挿げれる³ |
すげられる すげれる³ |
sugerareru sugereru³ |
| Volitional | 挿げよう | すげよう | sugeyō |
| Negative | 挿げない 挿げぬ 挿げん |
すげない すげぬ すげん |
sugenai sugenu sugen |
| Negative continuative | 挿げず | すげず | sugezu |
| Formal | 挿げます | すげます | sugemasu |
| Perfective | 挿げた | すげた | sugeta |
| Conjunctive | 挿げて | すげて | sugete |
| Hypothetical conditional | 挿げれば | すげれば | sugereba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential
Derived terms
- 挿げ替える (sugekaeru)
References
- ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 “挿・箝”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ “挿げる”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “△挿げる”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][3] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026