括弧

Chinese

		enclose; include	arc
trad. (括弧)		括	弧
simp. ^#(括弧)		括	弧

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kuòhú, guāhú

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄏㄨˊ, ㄍㄨㄚㄏㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kut³ wu⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): koat-fù

(Hailu, HRS): guad fu
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): kuah⁶ hou² / kuoh⁶ hou²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koat-hô͘ / khoat-hô͘ / koat-ô͘
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷kuaq-wu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kuòhú
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄏㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kuòhú
  - Wade–Giles: kʻuo⁴-hu²
  - Yale: kwò-hú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuohhwu
  - Palladius: коху (koxu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ xu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kuòhúr
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄏㄨˊㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kuòhúr
  - Wade–Giles: kʻuo⁴-hu²-ʼrh
  - Yale: kwò-húr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuohhwul
  - Palladius: кохур (koxur)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ xuɻʷ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guāhú
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚㄏㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guahú
  - Wade–Giles: kua¹-hu²
  - Yale: gwā-hú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guahwu
  - Palladius: гуаху (guaxu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ä⁵⁵ xu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kut³ wu⁴
  - Yale: kut wùh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kut⁸ wu⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: kud³ wu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuːt̚³ wuː²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: koat-fù
  - Hakka Romanization System: guad^ˋ fu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: guad⁵ fu²
  - Sinological IPA: /ku̯at̚² fu¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: guad fu
  - Sinological IPA: /kuat⁵⁻² fu⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: kuah⁶ hou² [Phonetic: kuah⁷ hou²]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: kuah-hó
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuaʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ hɔu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: kuoh⁶ hou² [Phonetic: kuoh⁷ hou²]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuoʔ²⁻⁴ hɔu²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koat-hô͘
  - Tâi-lô: kuat-hôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koathoo
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuat̚³²⁻⁴ hɔ²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuat̚³²⁻⁵ hɔ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kuat̚³²⁻⁴ hɔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoat-hô͘
  - Tâi-lô: khuat-hôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qoathoo
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰuat̚⁵⁻²⁴ hɔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koat-ô͘
  - Tâi-lô: kuat-ôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koat'oo
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuat̚³²⁻⁵ ɔ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kuat̚³²⁻⁴ ɔ²⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷kuaq-wu
  - MiniDict: kuah^入 wu
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴kuaq-hhu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kuaʔ³³ ɦu⁴⁴/

Noun

括弧

brackets; parentheses
1. round brackets ("(" and ")")
2. brackets in general (any of "(", ")", "[", "]", "{", "}", "<" and ">")
  - 這個表裡有230個簡化字，按注音字母音序排列。括弧裡邊的字是原來的繁體字。 [MSC, trad.]
    这个表里有230个简化字，按注音字母音序排列。括弧里边的字是原来的繁体字。 [MSC, simp.]
    From: 1956, 漢字簡化方案 Chinese Character Simplification Scheme, section 1
    Zhège biǎo lǐ yǒu 230 gè jiǎnhuàzì, àn zhùyīn zìmǔ yīnxù páiliè. Kuòhú lǐbiān de zì shì yuánlái de fántǐzì. [Pinyin]
    This list includes 230 simplified characters organized in bopomofo order. The characters in parentheses are the original traditional characters.
(rare) quotation mark (「」, 『』, “ ”, ‘ ’); quotes
Synonym: 引號 / 引号 (yǐnhào)

Synonyms

(brackets):

Dialectal synonyms of 括號 (“parenthesis; bracket”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		括號, 括弧
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	括號兒, 括弧兒
	Taiwan	括號, 括弧
	Singapore	括號, 括弧
Cantonese	Guangzhou	括弧, 括號
Cantonese	Hong Kong	括弧, 括號
Hakka	Meixian	括號
Southern Min	Xiamen	括號, 括弧
	Quanzhou	括號, 括弧
	Zhangzhou	括號, 括弧
	Shantou	括號
Wu	Shanghai	括號, 括弧

Japanese

Kanji in this term
括	弧
かつ > かっ Grade: S	こ Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かっこ [káꜜkkò] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [ka̠k̚ko̞]

Noun

括(かっ)弧(こ) • (kakko) ^{←くわつこ (kwatuko)^?}

a parenthesis; a bracket (either of a pair of brackets ( ))
(by extension) a bracket (generically any of "(", ")", "[", "]", "{", "}", "<" and ">")

Synonyms

(parenthesis): 丸(まる)括(かっ)弧(こ) (marukakko); パーレン (pāren)

Derived terms

終(お)わり括(かっ)弧(こ) (owarikakko)
鉤(かぎ)括(かっ)弧(こ) (kagikakko)
角(かく)括(かっ)弧(こ) (kakukakko)
括(かっ)弧(こ)閉(と)じ (kakkotoji)
括(かっ)弧(こ)開(ひら)き (kakkohiraki)
亀(きっ)甲(こう)括(かっ)弧(こ) (kikkōkakko)
白(しろ)括(かっ)弧(こ) (shirokakko)
隅(すみ)付(つ)き括(かっ)弧(こ) (sumitsukikakko)
大(だい)括(かっ)弧(こ) (daikakko)
縦(たて)括(かっ)弧(こ) (tatekakko)
中(ちゅう)括(かっ)弧(こ) (chūkakko)
波(なみ)括(かっ)弧(こ) (namikakko)
始(はじ)め括(かっ)弧(こ) (hajimekakko)
左(ひだり)括(かっ)弧(こ) (hidarikakko)
丸(まる)括(かっ)弧(こ) (marukakko)
右(みぎ)括(かっ)弧(こ) (migikakko)
山(やま)括(かっ)弧(こ) (yamakakko)
横(よこ)括(かっ)弧(こ) (yokokakko)

Verb

括(かっ)弧(こ) • (kakko) ^{←くわつこ (kwatuko)^?}

to put in parentheses

Conjugation

Conjugation of "括弧する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	括弧し	かっこし	kakko shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	括弧し	かっこし	kakko shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	括弧する	かっこする	kakko suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	括弧する	かっこする	kakko suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	括弧すれ	かっこすれ	kakko sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	括弧せよ¹ 括弧しろ²	かっこせよ¹ かっこしろ²	kakko seyo¹ kakko shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	括弧される	かっこされる	kakko sareru
Causative	括弧させる括弧さす	かっこさせるかっこさす	kakko saseru kakko sasu
Potential	括弧できる	かっこできる	kakko dekiru
Volitional	括弧しよう	かっこしよう	kakko shiyō
Negative	括弧しない	かっこしない	kakko shinai
Negative continuative	括弧せず	かっこせず	kakko sezu
Formal	括弧します	かっこします	kakko shimasu
Perfective	括弧した	かっこした	kakko shita
Conjunctive	括弧して	かっこして	kakko shite
Hypothetical conditional	括弧すれば	かっこすれば	kakko sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“括弧”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
括	弧

Noun

括弧 • (gwalho) (hangeul 괄호)

hanja form^? of 괄호 (“parenthesis; (round) bracket”)