投書
Chinese
| to throw; to send | book; letter | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (投書) | 投 | 書 | |
| simp. (投书) | 投 | 书 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tóushū
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄡˊ ㄕㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tóushu
- Wade–Giles: tʻou2-shu1
- Yale: tóu-shū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tourshu
- Palladius: тоушу (toušu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰoʊ̯³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: tau4 syu1
- Yale: tàuh syū
- Cantonese Pinyin: tau4 sy1
- Guangdong Romanization: teo4 xu1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɐu̯²¹ syː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâu-su
- Tâi-lô: tâu-su
- Phofsit Daibuun: dausw
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /tau²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tau²⁴⁻²² su³³/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /tau¹³⁻²² su⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /tau²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tau²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
投⫽書 (verb-object)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 投 | 書 |
| とう Grade: 3 |
しょ Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
投書 • (tōsho)
- letter to the editor, a written contribution to a newspaper or other body
Verb
投書する • (tōsho suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 投書し (tōsho shi), past 投書した (tōsho shita))
- to write a letter to the editor or some other body
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 投書し | とうしょし | tōsho shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 投書し | とうしょし | tōsho shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 投書する | とうしょする | tōsho suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 投書する | とうしょする | tōsho suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 投書すれ | とうしょすれ | tōsho sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 投書せよ¹ 投書しろ² |
とうしょせよ¹ とうしょしろ² |
tōsho seyo¹ tōsho shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 投書される | とうしょされる | tōsho sareru |
| Causative | 投書させる 投書さす |
とうしょさせる とうしょさす |
tōsho saseru tōsho sasu |
| Potential | 投書できる | とうしょできる | tōsho dekiru |
| Volitional | 投書しよう | とうしょしよう | tōsho shiyō |
| Negative | 投書しない | とうしょしない | tōsho shinai |
| Negative continuative | 投書せず | とうしょせず | tōsho sezu |
| Formal | 投書します | とうしょします | tōsho shimasu |
| Perfective | 投書した | とうしょした | tōsho shita |
| Conjunctive | 投書して | とうしょして | tōsho shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 投書すれば | とうしょすれば | tōsho sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “投書”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 投 | 書 |
Noun
投書 • (tuseo) (hangeul 투서)