悶える

Japanese

Kanji in this term
もだ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) だえ [mòdáéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
  • IPA(key): [mo̞da̠e̞ɾɯ̟]

Verb

(もだ)える • (modaeruintransitive ichidan (stem (もだ) (modae), past (もだ)えた (modaeta))

  1. to be in agony
  2. to be agonized by thoughts (of love, etc.)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "悶える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 悶え もだえ modae
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 悶え もだえ modae
Shūshikei ("terminal") 悶える もだえる modaeru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 悶える もだえる modaeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 悶えれ もだえれ modaere
Meireikei ("imperative") 悶えよ¹
悶えろ²
もだえよ¹
もだえろ²
modaeyo¹
modaero²
Key constructions
Passive 悶えられる もだえられる modaerareru
Causative 悶えさせる
悶えさす
もだえさせる
もだえさす
modaesaseru
modaesasu
Potential 悶えられる
悶えれる³
もだえられる
もだえれる³
modaerareru
modaereru³
Volitional 悶えよう もだえよう modaeyō
Negative 悶えない
悶えぬ
悶えん
もだえない
もだえぬ
もだえん
modaenai
modaenu
modaen
Negative continuative 悶えず もだえず modaezu
Formal 悶えます もだえます modaemasu
Perfective 悶えた もだえた modaeta
Conjunctive 悶えて もだえて modaete
Hypothetical conditional 悶えれば もだえれば modaereba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Classical conjugation of "悶ゆ" (ヤ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 悶え もだえ modae
Continuative (連用形) 悶え もだえ modae
Terminal (終止形) 悶ゆ もだゆ modayu
Attributive (連体形) 悶ゆる もだゆる modayuru
Realis (已然形) 悶ゆれ もだゆれ modayure
Imperative (命令形) 悶えよ もだえよ modaeyo
Key constructions
Negative 悶えず もだえず modaezu
Contrasting conjunction 悶ゆれど もだゆれど modayuredo
Causal conjunction 悶ゆれば もだゆれば modayureba
Conditional conjunction 悶えば もだえば modaeba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 悶えき もだえき modaeki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 悶えけり もだえけり modaekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 悶えつ もだえつ modaetu
Perfect tense (natural event) 悶えぬ もだえぬ modaenu
Perfect-continuative tense 悶えたり もだえたり modaetari
Volitional 悶えむ もだえむ modaemu

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN