寄生
Chinese
lodge at; to mail; to send lodge at; to mail; to send; to entrust; to depend |
to be born; to give birth; life to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (寄生) |
寄 | 生 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gei3 sang1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ki-sên
- Puxian Min (Putian, Pouseng Ping'ing): gyor4 seng1
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: jìshēng
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ ㄕㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jìsheng
- Wade–Giles: chi4-shêng1
- Yale: jì-shēng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jihsheng
- Palladius: цзишэн (czišɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
- Homophones:
寄生
計生 / 计生
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gei3 sang1
- Yale: gei sāng
- Cantonese Pinyin: gei3 sang1
- Guangdong Romanization: géi3 seng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kei̯³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ki-sên
- Hakka Romanization System: gi senˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gi4 sen1
- Sinological IPA: /ki⁵⁵ sen²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gyor4 seng1 [Phonetic: gyor1 leng1]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gio̤̍-seng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kyɒ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ (ɬ-)lɛŋ⁵³³/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kì-seng
- Tâi-lô: kì-sing
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiesefng
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki²¹⁻⁴¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ki¹¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ki²¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kì-sng
- Tâi-lô: kì-sng
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiesngf
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ki⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kià-seng
- Tâi-lô: kià-sing
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiarsefng
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kia²¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kià-sng
- Tâi-lô: kià-sng
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiarsngf
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kia⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kià-seⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kià-senn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiarsvef
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kia²¹⁻⁴¹ sẽ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kia²¹⁻⁵³ sɛ̃⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kià-siⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kià-sinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiarsvy
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kia¹¹⁻⁵³ sĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Lukang, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiàⁿ-siⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kiànn-sinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kviarsvy
- Sinological IPA (Lukang): /kiã³¹⁻⁵³ sĩ³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gia3 sên1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kià seⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kia²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sẽ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
Verb
寄生
- to live as a parasite; to be parasitic; to parasitize
- (figurative) to live off others; to live by taking advantage of others
Noun
寄生
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 寄居蟹 (“hermit crab”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 寄居蟹, 寄居蝦 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 寄居蟹 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 寄居蟹, 寄生蟹 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 石螺仔 |
| Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 痟查某仔 | |
| Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 寄居蟹 | |
| Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 搭生 | |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 寄生仔 |
| Taipei | 寄生 | |
| New Taipei (Tamsui) | 寄生仔 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 寄生仔 | |
| New Taipei (Pingxi) | 寄生仔 | |
| Kaohsiung | 寄生仔, 哈螺 | |
| Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 寄生仔 | |
| Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 雷公螺 | |
| Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 蟧蜈蟳仔 | |
| Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 寄生仔 | |
| Yilan | 漿寄生 | |
| Yilan (Luodong) | 漿寄生仔 | |
| Yilan (Toucheng) | 寄生仔 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 寄生 | |
| Changhua (Yongjing) | 寄生仔 | |
| Tainan | 寄生仔, 螺仔鬼 | |
| Tainan (Anping) | 寄生 | |
| Hsinchu | 寄生仔 | |
| Chiayi | 寄生仔 | |
| Chiayi County (Dongshi) | 貓咪 | |
| Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) | 寄生 | |
| Kinmen | 寄仔生, 寄生 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 寄生 | |
| Penghu (Xiyu) | 寄生 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 寄生 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 蟹螺 |
Derived terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 寄 | 生 |
| き Grade: 5 |
せい Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
寄生 • (kisei)
Verb
寄生する • (kisei suru) intransitive suru (stem 寄生し (kisei shi), past 寄生した (kisei shita))
- (ecology) to be parasitic, to parasitize
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 寄生し | きせいし | kisei shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 寄生し | きせいし | kisei shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 寄生する | きせいする | kisei suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 寄生する | きせいする | kisei suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 寄生すれ | きせいすれ | kisei sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 寄生せよ¹ 寄生しろ² |
きせいせよ¹ きせいしろ² |
kisei seyo¹ kisei shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 寄生される | きせいされる | kisei sareru |
| Causative | 寄生させる 寄生さす |
きせいさせる きせいさす |
kisei saseru kisei sasu |
| Potential | 寄生できる | きせいできる | kisei dekiru |
| Volitional | 寄生しよう | きせいしよう | kisei shiyō |
| Negative | 寄生しない | きせいしない | kisei shinai |
| Negative continuative | 寄生せず | きせいせず | kisei sezu |
| Formal | 寄生します | きせいします | kisei shimasu |
| Perfective | 寄生した | きせいした | kisei shita |
| Conjunctive | 寄生して | きせいして | kisei shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 寄生すれば | きせいすれば | kisei sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- “寄生”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 寄 | 生 |
Noun
寄生 • (gisaeng) (hangeul 기생)
- hanja form? of 기생 (“parasitism”)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 寄 | 生 |
Verb
寄生