孌

See also: 娈

孌	U+5B4C, 孌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B4C

← 孋
[U+5B4B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

孍 →
[U+5B4D]

Translingual

Han character

孌 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+19, 22 strokes, cangjie input 女火女 (VFV), four-corner 2240₁, composition ⿱龻女)

lovely, beautiful
docile, obedient

Derived characters

𭒵

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 274, character 23
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6912
Dae Jaweon: page 542, character 41
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1091, character 8
Unihan data for U+5B4C

Chinese

trad.		孌
simp.		娈
alternative forms		㜻𡢛𡤣𡤨

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (䜌) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蠻	*mroːn
矕	*mroːnʔ
變	*prons
鸞	*b·roːn
巒	*b·roːn
灤	*b·roːn
欒	*b·roːn
鑾	*b·roːn
臠	b·roːn, b·ronʔ
羉	*b·roːn
䜌	b·roːn, b·ron, *b·rons
灓	b·roːn, b·roːns, *b·rons
圝	*b·roːn
曫	*b·roːn
孿	smroːns, smrons
彎	*qroːn
灣	*qroːn
攣	*b·ron
孌	b·ronʔ, b·rons
戀	*b·rons
㪻	pʰlons, klons

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): luán, lüǎn, luǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˊ, ㄌㄩㄢˇ, ㄌㄨㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lyun⁵ / lyun²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): lán

(Hailu, HRS): lan^ˊ

(Changting, Changting Pinyin): lung⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): luāng / luông
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): luang² / luong²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): loân

(Teochew, Peng'im): luêng⁵ / luang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: luán
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: luán
  - Wade–Giles: luan²
  - Yale: lwán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luan
  - Palladius: луань (luanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯än³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lüǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄩㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lyuǎn
  - Wade–Giles: lüan³
  - Yale: lywǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leuan
  - Palladius: люань (ljuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ly̯ɛn²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, literary variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: luǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: luǎn
  - Wade–Giles: luan³
  - Yale: lwǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: loan
  - Palladius: луань (luanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯än²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: lyun⁵ / lyun²
  - Yale: lyúhn / lyún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lyn⁵ / lyn²
  - Guangdong Romanization: lün⁵ / lün²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lyːn¹³/, /lyːn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lán
  - Hakka Romanization System: lan^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lan³
  - Sinological IPA: /lan³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: lan^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /lan²⁴/
- (Changting)
  - Changting Pinyin: lung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /luŋ⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: luāng / luông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃uaŋ³³/, /l̃uɔŋ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: luang²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: luáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /luaŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: luong²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /luoŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loân
  - Tâi-lô: luân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: loaan
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /luan²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /luan²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /luan¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /luan²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /luan²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: luêng⁵ / luang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: luêng / luâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lueŋ⁵⁵/, /luaŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

luêng5 - Chaozhou;
luang5 - Shantou, Jieyang.

Middle Chinese: ljwenX, ljwenH

Rime
Character	孌	孌
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	仙 (78)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	力兖切	力卷切
Baxter	ljwenX	ljwenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liuᴇn^X/	/liuᴇn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷiɛn^X/	/lʷiɛn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ljuæn^X/	/ljuæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwian^X/	/lwian^H/
Li Rong	/liuɛn^X/	/liuɛn^H/
Wang Li	/lĭwɛn^X/	/lĭwɛn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li̯wɛn^X/	/li̯wɛn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luǎn	luàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lyun⁵	lyun⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]onʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*b·ronʔ/, /*b·rons/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	孌
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liàn
Middle Chinese	‹ ljwen^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]onʔ/
English	beautiful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	孌	孌
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	8631	8633
Phonetic component		
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	臠	戀
Old Chinese	/*b·ronʔ/	/*b·rons/
Notes		說文慕也後作戀

Definitions

孌

(literary) lovely; beautiful
- 猗嗟孌兮，清揚婉兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  猗嗟娈兮，清扬婉兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Yī jiē luán xī, qīngyáng wǎn xī. [Pinyin]
  Alas for him, so beautiful! His bright eyes and high forehead, how lovely!
(literary) docile; obedient

Compounds

婉孌 / 婉娈
孌童 / 娈童 (luántóng)
蕃孌 / 蕃娈

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B00729
“孌”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
William Campbell (1913), A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 472.
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “娈”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 147.
周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “娈”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 376.

Japanese

Kanji

孌

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: ばん (ban)、まん (man)
Kan-on: れん (ren)、らん (ran)
Kun: したう (shitau, 孌)、すなお (sunao, 孌)、みめよい (mimeyoi, 孌い)

Korean

Hanja

孌 (eum 련 (ryeon))

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Vietnamese

Han character

孌: Hán Nôm readings: luyến

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References

Nom Foundation