失禁
Chinese
| to lose; to miss; to fail | to prohibit; to forbid; endure | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (失禁) | 失 | 禁 | |
| simp. #(失禁) | 失 | 禁 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shījìn
- Zhuyin: ㄕ ㄐㄧㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shihjìn
- Wade–Giles: shih1-chin4
- Yale: shr̄-jìn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyjinn
- Palladius: шицзинь (šiczinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: sat1 gam3
- Yale: sāt gam
- Cantonese Pinyin: sat7 gam3
- Guangdong Romanization: sed1 gem3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐt̚⁵ kɐm³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit-kìm
- Tâi-lô: sit-kìm
- Phofsit Daibuun: sitkixm
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /sit̚³²⁻⁴ kim²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ kim⁴¹/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /sit̚³²⁻⁵ kim²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /sit̚³²⁻⁴ kim¹¹/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /sit̚³²⁻⁴ kim²¹/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
失禁
- (medicine) to suffer from incontinence; to be incontinent
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to lose control of the brakes (of a vehicle)
Derived terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 失 | 禁 |
| しつ > しっ Grade: 4 |
きん Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
失禁 • (shikkin)
Verb
失禁する • (shikkin suru) suru (stem 失禁し (shikkin shi), past 失禁した (shikkin shita))
- be incontinent, urinate unintentionally
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 失禁し | しっきんし | shikkin shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 失禁し | しっきんし | shikkin shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 失禁する | しっきんする | shikkin suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 失禁する | しっきんする | shikkin suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 失禁すれ | しっきんすれ | shikkin sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 失禁せよ¹ 失禁しろ² |
しっきんせよ¹ しっきんしろ² |
shikkin seyo¹ shikkin shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 失禁される | しっきんされる | shikkin sareru |
| Causative | 失禁させる 失禁さす |
しっきんさせる しっきんさす |
shikkin saseru shikkin sasu |
| Potential | 失禁できる | しっきんできる | shikkin dekiru |
| Volitional | 失禁しよう | しっきんしよう | shikkin shiyō |
| Negative | 失禁しない | しっきんしない | shikkin shinai |
| Negative continuative | 失禁せず | しっきんせず | shikkin sezu |
| Formal | 失禁します | しっきんします | shikkin shimasu |
| Perfective | 失禁した | しっきんした | shikkin shita |
| Conjunctive | 失禁して | しっきんして | shikkin shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 失禁すれば | しっきんすれば | shikkin sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “失禁”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026