大西洋
Chinese
| the far west | ocean; foreign | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (大西洋) |
大西 | 洋 | |
Etymology
First attested in 黃衷《海語》(mid-16th century), earlier than Matteo Ricci's Kunyu Wanguo Quantu (1602).
Liu (2025) argues the term derives from 大西 (“the far west; Europe”) + 洋 (“sea”), following the naming pattern "place name + 洋" (cf. 琉球洋, 昆侖洋／昆仑洋). The term 大西 emerged in the Yuan dynasty for regions west of the traditional 西域, as seen in 大西馬 (“far-western horses”) (Arabian horses). After European missionaries arrived, 大西 came to denote Europe, and the adjacent sea was called 大西洋, later identified with the Atlantic.
Zhang (2012) alternatively analyzes it as 大 (“great”) + 西洋 (“western sea”), contrasting with 小西洋 (“lesser western sea”) (Indian Ocean), 小東洋 (“lesser eastern sea”) (West Pacific), and 大東洋 (“great eastern sea”) (East Pacific).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Thai-sî-yòng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dai5 se1 yorng2 / dai5 se1 yoeng2
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Tāi-se-iûⁿ
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Dàxīyáng
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Dàsiyáng
- Wade–Giles: Ta4-hsi1-yang2
- Yale: Dà-syī-yáng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Dahshiyang
- Palladius: Дасиян (Dasijan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tä⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: daai6 sai1 joeng4
- Yale: daaih sāi yèuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: daai6 sai1 joeng4
- Guangdong Romanization: dai6 sei1 yêng4
- Sinological IPA (key): /taːi̯²² sɐi̯⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ai5 lhai1 yiang3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ai³² ɬai³³ jiaŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thai-sî-yòng
- Hakka Romanization System: tai xiˊ iongˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: tai4 xi1 yong2
- Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ si²⁴ i̯oŋ¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thai-sî-yòng
- Hakka Romanization System: tai xiˊ (r)iongˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: tai4 xi1 yong2
- Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ si²⁴ (j)i̯oŋ¹¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: dai5 se1 yorng2 [Phonetic: dai5 se5 yorng2]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Dāi-sa̤-ió̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tai¹¹ ɬe⁵³³⁻¹¹ yɒŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: dai5 se1 yoeng2 [Phonetic: dai5 se5 yoeng2]
- Sinological IPA (key): /tai²¹ ɬe⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ yøŋ²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tāi-se-iûⁿ
- Tâi-lô: Tāi-se-iûnn
- Phofsit Daibuun: daixse'viuu
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²³/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
Proper noun
大西洋
- the Atlantic Ocean
Derived terms
See also
- oceans: 大洋 (dàyáng): 北冰洋 (Běibīngyáng), 北極海／北极海 (Běijíhǎi) · 南冰洋 (Nánbīngyáng) · 印度洋 (Yìndùyáng) · 大西洋 (Dàxīyáng) · 太平洋 (Tàipíngyáng) [edit]
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 大 | 西 | 洋 |
| たい Grade: 1 |
せい Grade: 2 |
よう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | ||
Pronunciation
Proper noun
大西洋 • (Taiseiyō) ←たいせいやう (Taiseiyau)?
- the Atlantic Ocean
See also
- oceans: 大洋 (taiyō): インド洋 (Indo-yō) · 大西洋 (Taiseiyō) · 太平洋 (Taiheiyō) · 南極海 (Nankyokukai)/南大洋 (Nantaiyō)/南氷洋 (Nanpyōyō) · 北極海 (Hokkyokukai)/北氷洋 (Hoppyōyō)/北極洋 (Hokkyokuyō) [edit]
References
- Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 大 | 西 | 洋 |
Proper noun
大西洋 • (Daeseoyang or McCune-Reischauer: Taesŏyang or Yale: Tāyseyang) (hangeul 대서양)
- hanja form? of 대서양 (“Atlantic Ocean”)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 大 | 西 | 洋 |
Proper noun
- chữ Hán form of Đại Tây Dương (“Atlantic Ocean”)