堪える
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 堪 |
| た Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 堪える – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 堪える, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 堪 |
| こら Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 堪える – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 堪える, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 堪 |
| こた Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Verb
堪える • (kotaeru) ←こたへる (kotaferu)?intransitive ichidan (stem 堪え (kotae), past 堪えた (kotaeta))
- to endure, to withstand
- Fixed expression: 堪えられない: irresistable, really good
- 堪えられない暑さ
- kotaerarenai atsusa
- the heat I can't endure
- 面白くて堪えられない
- omoshirokute kotaerarenai
- it's so interesting that I can't resist
- 堪えられない暑さ
- Fixed expression: 持ち堪える: to hang on, to withstand, to endure, to hold up
- 最後まで持ち堪える
- saigo made mochikotaeru
- to hold up until the end
- 最後まで持ち堪える
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 堪え | こたえ | kotae |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 堪え | こたえ | kotae |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 堪える | こたえる | kotaeru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 堪える | こたえる | kotaeru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 堪えれ | こたえれ | kotaere |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 堪えよ¹ 堪えろ² |
こたえよ¹ こたえろ² |
kotaeyo¹ kotaero² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 堪えられる | こたえられる | kotaerareru |
| Causative | 堪えさせる 堪えさす |
こたえさせる こたえさす |
kotaesaseru kotaesasu |
| Potential | 堪えられる 堪えれる³ |
こたえられる こたえれる³ |
kotaerareru kotaereru³ |
| Volitional | 堪えよう | こたえよう | kotaeyō |
| Negative | 堪えない 堪えぬ 堪えん |
こたえない こたえぬ こたえん |
kotaenai kotaenu kotaen |
| Negative continuative | 堪えず | こたえず | kotaezu |
| Formal | 堪えます | こたえます | kotaemasu |
| Perfective | 堪えた | こたえた | kotaeta |
| Conjunctive | 堪えて | こたえて | kotaete |
| Hypothetical conditional | 堪えれば | こたえれば | kotaereba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential