回復

See also: 回复, 回覆, and 恢复

Chinese

	to circle; to go back; to turn around to circle; to go back; to turn around; to answer; to return; to revolve; (a measure word for matters or actions) a time; Islam	again; recover; reply to a letter again; recover; reply to a letter; to repeat; to duplicate
trad. (回復)	回	復
simp. (回复^*)	回	复
anagram	復回／复回

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): huífù

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄈㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wui⁴ fuk⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fì-fu̍k

(Hailu, HRS): fui fug^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): fi² fug⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hôe-ho̍k / hê-ho̍k / hêr-ho̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huífù
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄈㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huéifù
  - Wade–Giles: hui²-fu⁴
  - Yale: hwéi-fù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hweifuh
  - Palladius: хуэйфу (xuejfu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ fu⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    回復 / 回复
    回覆
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wui⁴ fuk⁶
  - Yale: wùih fuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wui⁴ fuk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wui⁴ fug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːi̯²¹ fʊk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fì-fu̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: fi^ˇ fug
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fi² fug⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /fi¹¹ fuk̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: fui fug^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /fui⁵⁵ fuk²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fi² fug⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /fi¹¹ fʊk̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôe-ho̍k
  - Tâi-lô: huê-ho̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoe'hok
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue¹³⁻²² hɔk̚¹²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hue²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hue²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hê-ho̍k
  - Tâi-lô: hê-ho̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: he'hok
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /he²³⁻³³ hɔk̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /he²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔk̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /he²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hêr-ho̍k
  - Tâi-lô: hêr-ho̍k
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hə²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚²⁴/

Verb

回復

to return or restore to a former state; to reinstate; to resume; to reinstitute
回復憲法秩序／回复宪法秩序 ― huífù xiànfǎ zhìxù ― to restore constitutional order

回復營業／回复营业 ― huífù yíngyè ― to resume business
- 2021, “記憶棉 [Pillow Talk]”, 林寶 [Jackson Lam] (lyrics), 徐浩 [Terry Chui] (music)‎^[1]performed by 張天賦 [MC]:
  
  下定決心　回復單身都不覺荒涼 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
  下定决心　回复单身都不觉荒凉 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
  haa⁶ ding⁶ kyut³ sam¹, wui⁴ fuk⁶ daan¹ san¹ dou¹ bat¹ gok³ fong¹ loeng⁴ [Jyutping]
  I am determined to not feel desolate in reinstating my singleness
alternative form of 回覆 (huífù, “to reply; to respond; to answer to”)

Synonyms

edit

復原 / 复原 (fùyuán)
恢復 / 恢复 (huīfù)
重修 (chóngxiū)

Noun

回復

alternative form of 回覆 (huífù, “response; reply; answer”)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (回復):

→ Japanese: 回復(かいふく) (kaifuku)
→ Korean: 회복(回復) (hoebok)
→ Vietnamese: hồi phục (回復)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
回	復
かい Grade: 2	ふく Grade: 5
kan'on

Alternative spelling
恢復

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かいふく [kàífúkú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ka̠iɸɯ̟̊kɯ̟]

Noun

回(かい)復(ふく) • (kaifuku) ^{←くわいふく (kwaifuku)^?}

Verb

回(かい)復(ふく)する • (kaifuku suru) ^{←くわいふく (kwaifuku)^?}intransitive suru (stem 回(かい)復(ふく)し (kaifuku shi), past 回(かい)復(ふく)した (kaifuku shita))

to recover
- 1915, Natsume Sōseki, Garasu-do no uchi [Inside my glass doors]‎^[2]:
  
  その人(ひと)はとても回復(かいふく)の見込(みこ)みのつかないほど深(ふか)く自分(じぶん)の胸(むね)を傷(きず)けられていた。
  Sono hito wa totemo kaifuku no mikomi no tsukanai hodo fukaku jibun no mune o kizukerareteita.
  Those who had no hope of recovery were utterly devastated personally.
to restore

Conjugation

Conjugation of "回復する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	回復し	かいふくし	kaifuku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	回復し	かいふくし	kaifuku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	回復する	かいふくする	kaifuku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	回復する	かいふくする	kaifuku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	回復すれ	かいふくすれ	kaifuku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	回復せよ¹ 回復しろ²	かいふくせよ¹ かいふくしろ²	kaifuku seyo¹ kaifuku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	回復される	かいふくされる	kaifuku sareru
Causative	回復させる回復さす	かいふくさせるかいふくさす	kaifuku saseru kaifuku sasu
Potential	回復できる	かいふくできる	kaifuku dekiru
Volitional	回復しよう	かいふくしよう	kaifuku shiyō
Negative	回復しない	かいふくしない	kaifuku shinai
Negative continuative	回復せず	かいふくせず	kaifuku sezu
Formal	回復します	かいふくします	kaifuku shimasu
Perfective	回復した	かいふくした	kaifuku shita
Conjunctive	回復して	かいふくして	kaifuku shite
Hypothetical conditional	回復すれば	かいふくすれば	kaifuku sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“回復”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[3] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
回	復

Noun

回復 • (hoebok) (hangeul 회복)

hanja form^? of 회복 (“recovery”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
回	復

Verb

回復

chữ Hán form of hồi phục (“to recover”)

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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