嗎
See also: 吗
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Translingual
Han character
嗎 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口尸手火 (RSQF), four-corner 61027, composition ⿰口馬)
Derived characters
- 𭚜, 𡁉
Related characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 202, character 21
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4065
- Dae Jaweon: page 425, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 664, character 10
- Unihan data for U+55CE
Usage notes
This character is listed in the Kangxi dictionary (字彙) as an unorthodox form (俗字) of 罵.
Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ).
Etymology 1
| trad. | 嗎 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 吗 | |
| alternative forms | 麼／么 | |
From 無 (OC *ma, “not”) (Schuessler, 2007).
For Philippine Hokkien 嗎 / 吗 (--ba), it is borrowed from Tagalog ba (interrogative particle).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: ma
- Zhuyin: ˙ㄇㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: må
- Wade–Giles: ma5
- Yale: ma
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .ma
- Palladius: ма (ma)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mä/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: maa1 / maa3
- Yale: mā / ma
- Cantonese Pinyin: maa1 / maa3
- Guangdong Romanization: ma1 / ma3
- Sinological IPA (key): /maː⁵⁵/, /maː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ma
- Tâi-lô: ma
- Phofsit Daibuun: maf
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /mã⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /mã³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --ma
- Tâi-lô: --ma
- (Hokkien: Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --ba
- Tâi-lô: --ba
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
Definitions
嗎
- Final interrogative particle, forming yes/no questions.
Usage notes
The particle 嗎 allows one to turn an affirmative sentence into an interrogative without modifying word order.
See also
Etymology 2
| trad. | 嗎 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 吗 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: mǎ
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mǎ
- Wade–Giles: ma3
- Yale: mǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maa
- Palladius: ма (ma)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mä²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: maa5 / maa1
- Yale: máh / mā
- Cantonese Pinyin: maa5 / maa1
- Guangdong Romanization: ma5 / ma1
- Sinological IPA (key): /maː¹³/, /maː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mâ / mà / mò
- Hakka Romanization System: maˊ / maˇ / moˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ma1 / ma2 / mo2
- Sinological IPA: /ma²⁴/, /ma¹¹/, /mo¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má
- Tâi-lô: má
- Phofsit Daibuun: mar
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /mã⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /mã⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mā
- Tâi-lô: mā
- Phofsit Daibuun: ma
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /mã²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mô͘
- Tâi-lô: môo
- Phofsit Daibuun: moo
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃²³/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /mɔ̃²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ma2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: má
- Sinological IPA (key): /ma⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
Definitions
嗎
Compounds
Etymology 3
| trad. | 嗎 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 吗 | |
| alternative forms | 嘛 麼／么 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: má
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: má
- Wade–Giles: ma2
- Yale: má
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ma
- Palladius: ма (ma)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mä³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (嗎兒 / 吗儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: már
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˊㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: már
- Wade–Giles: ma2-ʼrh
- Yale: már
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mal
- Palladius: мар (mar)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑɻ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
嗎
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 什麼 (“what”) [map]
Compounds
Etymology 4
| trad. | 嗎 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 吗 | |
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ma7
- Southern Min
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: ma7
- Sinological IPA: /ma⁵⁵/
- (Leizhou)
Definitions
嗎
Compounds
- 嗎喙 / 吗喙
- 嗎喙媽 / 吗喙妈
- 嗎喙蛤 / 吗喙蛤
- 嗎微 / 吗微
- 嗎晴 / 吗晴
- 嗎畝 / 吗亩
- 嗎頭柑 / 吗头柑
- 嗎鼻 / 吗鼻
- 嗎鼻祖 / 吗鼻祖
Etymology 5
| For pronunciation and definitions of 嗎 – see 罵 (“to chide; to blame; to curse; to swear; etc.”). (This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as a variant form of 罵). |
Japanese
Kanji
嗎
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
嗎 • (ma) (hangeul 마)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
嗎: Hán Việt readings: ma[1][2], mạ[1][3][4][5]
嗎: Nôm readings: mửa[1][2][4][5][6][7][8], mớ[1][2][4][5][6][8], mựa[1][7], mở[7][8], mắng[1], mỉa[1], mứa[1], mỡ[7]
- chữ Nôm form of mở (“to open”)
- chữ Nôm form of mỡ (“fat; grease”)
- chữ Nôm form of mửa (“(North Central Vietnam) to vomit”)
- chữ Nôm form of mựa (“(obsolete) don't”)