呪詛

See also: 咒詛 and 呪诅

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 呪詛 – see 咒詛 (“to curse; to swear at”).
(This term is a variant form of 咒詛).

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
呪 詛
じゅ
Grade: S 		そ
Hyōgai
on'yomi

/ɕuso/ → /d͡ʑuso/

From Middle Chinese compound 呪詛 / 呪诅 (tsyuwH? tsuX?, literally “curse + curse, pledge”). Compare modern Mandarin 咒詛／咒诅 (zhòuzǔ).

The reading of the first character shifted from the regular goon reading of shu to the kan'yōon reading of ju.[1]

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

呪(じゅ)詛(そ) • (juso) 

  1. curse, malediction
Synonyms

Verb

呪(じゅ)詛(そ)する • (juso suru) transitive suru (stem 呪(じゅ)詛(そ)し (juso shi), past 呪(じゅ)詛(そ)した (juso shita))

  1. to curse someone or something
Conjugation
Conjugation of "呪詛する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 呪詛し じゅそし juso shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 呪詛し じゅそし juso shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 呪詛する じゅそする juso suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 呪詛する じゅそする juso suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 呪詛すれ じゅそすれ juso sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 呪詛せよ¹
呪詛しろ² 		じゅそせよ¹
じゅそしろ² 		juso seyo¹
juso shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 呪詛される じゅそされる juso sareru
Causative 呪詛させる
呪詛さす 		じゅそさせる
じゅそさす 		juso saseru
juso sasu
Potential 呪詛できる じゅそできる juso dekiru
Volitional 呪詛しよう じゅそしよう juso shiyō
Negative 呪詛しない じゅそしない juso shinai
Negative continuative 呪詛せず じゅそせず juso sezu
Formal 呪詛します じゅそします juso shimasu
Perfective 呪詛した じゅそした juso shita
Conjunctive 呪詛して じゅそして juso shite
Hypothetical conditional 呪詛すれば じゅそすれば juso sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
呪 詛
Grade: S Hyōgai
irregular

The 直音表記 (chokuon hyōki, literally “straight-sound spelling”) of juso above. Most common from the Heian through the Muromachi periods.[1]

It is unclear if the pronunciation itself also shifted, or just the spelling.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [d͡zɨso̞]

Noun

呪詛(ずそ) • (zuso) 

  1. (obsolete) curse, malediction
Synonyms

Verb

呪詛(ずそ)する • (zuso suru) transitive suru (stem 呪詛(ずそ)し (zuso shi), past 呪詛(ずそ)した (zuso shita))

  1. (obsolete) to curse someone or something
Conjugation
Conjugation of "呪詛する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 呪詛し ずそし zuso shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 呪詛し ずそし zuso shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 呪詛する ずそする zuso suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 呪詛する ずそする zuso suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 呪詛すれ ずそすれ zuso sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 呪詛せよ¹
呪詛しろ² 		ずそせよ¹
ずそしろ² 		zuso seyo¹
zuso shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 呪詛される ずそされる zuso sareru
Causative 呪詛させる
呪詛さす 		ずそさせる
ずそさす 		zuso saseru
zuso sasu
Potential 呪詛できる ずそできる zuso dekiru
Volitional 呪詛しよう ずそしよう zuso shiyō
Negative 呪詛しない ずそしない zuso shinai
Negative continuative 呪詛せず ずそせず zuso sezu
Formal 呪詛します ずそします zuso shimasu
Perfective 呪詛した ずそした zuso shita
Conjunctive 呪詛して ずそして zuso shite
Hypothetical conditional 呪詛すれば ずそすれば zuso sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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