吟じる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 吟 |
| ぎん Grade: S |
| on'yomi |
Etymology
Shift from verb 吟ずる (ginzuru), by natural progression from サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs ending in -uru to 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.
Verb
吟じる • (ginjiru) transitive ichidan (stem 吟じ (ginji), past 吟じた (ginjita))
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 吟じ | ぎんじ | ginji |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 吟じ | ぎんじ | ginji |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 吟じる | ぎんじる | ginjiru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 吟じる | ぎんじる | ginjiru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 吟じれ | ぎんじれ | ginjire |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 吟じよ¹ 吟じろ² |
ぎんじよ¹ ぎんじろ² |
ginjiyo¹ ginjiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 吟じられる | ぎんじられる | ginjirareru |
| Causative | 吟じさせる 吟じさす |
ぎんじさせる ぎんじさす |
ginjisaseru ginjisasu |
| Potential | 吟じられる 吟じれる³ |
ぎんじられる ぎんじれる³ |
ginjirareru ginjireru³ |
| Volitional | 吟じよう | ぎんじよう | ginjiyō |
| Negative | 吟じない 吟じぬ 吟じん |
ぎんじない ぎんじぬ ぎんじん |
ginjinai ginjinu ginjin |
| Negative continuative | 吟じず | ぎんじず | ginjizu |
| Formal | 吟じます | ぎんじます | ginjimasu |
| Perfective | 吟じた | ぎんじた | ginjita |
| Conjunctive | 吟じて | ぎんじて | ginjite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 吟じれば | ぎんじれば | ginjireba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential
Synonyms
- 吟詠する (gin'ei suru)