吃驚

See also: 吃惊

Chinese

eat; eradicate; destroy
eat; eradicate; destroy; receive; stammer
 
to startle; to be frightened; to be scared
to startle; to be frightened; to be scared; alarm
 
trad. (吃驚/喫驚) 吃/喫 驚
simp. (吃惊) 吃 惊

Pronunciation

Verb

吃⫽驚 (verb-object) (intransitive)

  1. to be taken aback; to be startled; to be surprised

Synonyms

Derived terms

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
吃 驚
きつ > きっ
Hyōgai 		きょう
Grade: S
kan'on goon
Alternative spelling
喫驚

/kikkjau/ → /kikkjɔː/ → /kikkjoː/

From Middle Chinese 吃驚 (MC kj+t kjaeng, literally “to stammer, to falter + to be afraid”).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) きっきょー [kìkkyóó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [kʲi̥k̚ʲkʲo̞ː]

Noun

吃(きっ)驚(きょう) • (kikkyō) ←きっきやう (kikkyau)?

  1. a surprise, a fright

Verb

吃(きっ)驚(きょう)する • (kikkyō suru) ←きっきやう (kikkyau)?intransitive suru (stem 吃(きっ)驚(きょう)し (kikkyō shi), past 吃(きっ)驚(きょう)した (kikkyō shita))

  1. to be surprised, to be frightened
    • 1926, 穂積陳重, 法窓夜話‎[1], 青空文庫:
      ベンサムが始(はじ)めて実利主義(じつりしゅぎ)を唱(とな)えて法律改善(ほうりつかいぜん)を説(と)いた時(とき)には、旧慣古制(きゅうかんこせい)に執着深(しゅうちゃくぶか)き英国人士(えいこくじんし)は、皆(みな)その論(ろん)の奇抜大胆(きばつだいたん)なのに喫驚(きっきょう)せざるを得(え)なかった。
      Bensamu ga hajimete jitsuri shugi o tonaete hōritsu kaizen o toita toki ni wa, kyūkan kosei ni shūchaku-bukaki Eikoku jinshi wa, mina sono ron no kibatsu daitan na no ni kikkyō sezaru o enakatta.
      When Bentham first advocated utilitarianism and amendment of the law, all the gentlemen of Britain, who had a strong attachment to old customs and rules, could not help but be surprised at the eccentricity and audacity of his theories.
Conjugation
Conjugation of "吃驚する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 吃驚し きっきょうし kikkyō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 吃驚し きっきょうし kikkyō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 吃驚する きっきょうする kikkyō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 吃驚する きっきょうする kikkyō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 吃驚すれ きっきょうすれ kikkyō sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 吃驚せよ¹
吃驚しろ² 		きっきょうせよ¹
きっきょうしろ² 		kikkyō seyo¹
kikkyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 吃驚される きっきょうされる kikkyō sareru
Causative 吃驚させる
吃驚さす 		きっきょうさせる
きっきょうさす 		kikkyō saseru
kikkyō sasu
Potential 吃驚できる きっきょうできる kikkyō dekiru
Volitional 吃驚しよう きっきょうしよう kikkyō shiyō
Negative 吃驚しない きっきょうしない kikkyō shinai
Negative continuative 吃驚せず きっきょうせず kikkyō sezu
Formal 吃驚します きっきょうします kikkyō shimasu
Perfective 吃驚した きっきょうした kikkyō shita
Conjunctive 吃驚して きっきょうして kikkyō shite
Hypothetical conditional 吃驚すれば きっきょうすれば kikkyō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
吃 驚
びっくり
Hyōgai Grade: S
jukujikun
For pronunciation and definitions of 吃驚 – see the following entry.
【びっくり】
[adverb] startledly, surprisedly, astonishedly
[verb] to be surprised, to be startled, to be frightened, to be astonished
Alternative spellings
喫驚, ビックリ
(This term, 吃驚, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.)

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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