吃虧

See also: 吃亏

Chinese

		eat; eradicate; destroy eat; eradicate; destroy; receive; stammer	deficiency; deficit
trad. (吃虧/喫虧)		吃/喫	虧
simp. (吃亏)		吃	亏

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): chīkuī

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄎㄨㄟ

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): chǐkuǐ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hek³ kwai¹
Gan (Wiktionary): qiah⁶ 'kui¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khiet-khuî / khiat-khuî

(Hailu, HRS): kied kui^ˋ
Jin (Wiktionary): ceh^4-5 kui¹
Eastern Min (BUC): kék-kŭi
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): keh⁶ kui¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khiak-khui / khit-khui
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): hiak² kwai¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷chiq ¹khue; ⁷chiq ¹chiu
Xiang
(Changsha, Wiktionary): qia⁶ kuei¹

(Hengyang, Wiktionary): qia⁶ kui¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chīkuī
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄎㄨㄟ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chihkuei
  - Wade–Giles: chʻih¹-kʻuei¹
  - Yale: chr̄-kwēi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chykuei
  - Palladius: чикуй (čikuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵ kʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: chǐkuǐ [Phonetic: chíkuǐ]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁻²⁴ kʰuei²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hek³ kwai¹
  - Yale: hek kwāi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hek⁸ kwai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hég³ kuei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɛːk̚³ kʷʰɐi̯⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: qiah⁶ 'kui¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵ ˈkʰui⁴²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet-khuî
  - Hakka Romanization System: kied^ˋ kui^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiad⁵ kui¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚² kʰu̯i²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat-khuî
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiad^ˋ kui^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiad⁵ kui¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚² kʰu̯i²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: kied kui^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰiet⁵⁻² kʰui⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ceh^4-5 kui¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ kʰuei¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kék-kŭi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ kʰui⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: keh⁶ kui¹ [Phonetic: keh⁷ kui¹]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: keh-kui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ kʰui⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: keh⁶ kui¹ [Phonetic: keh⁷ kui¹]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛʔ²⁻⁴ kʰui⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiak-khui
  - Tâi-lô: khiak-khui
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiakquy
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰui³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khit-khui
  - Tâi-lô: khit-khui
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qitquy
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kʰit̚³²⁻⁴ kʰui⁴⁴/
Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: hiak² kwai¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiɐk̚³³ kʰʷəi⁵³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷chiq ¹khue; ⁷chiq ¹chiu
  - MiniDict: chih^入 khue^平; chih^入 chiu^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴qiq ¹khue; ⁴qiq ¹qy
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁴⁴ kʰue⁵³/, /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰy⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: qia⁶ kuei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯a̠²⁴ kʰu̯e̞i̯³³/
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary: qia⁶ kui¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ä²² kʰu̯i⁴⁴⁵/

Verb

吃⫽虧 (verb-object)

to suffer losses
to be at a disadvantage

Synonyms

(Cantonese, Hakka) 蝕底／蚀底
(Hokkien, Teochew) 食虧／食亏
(Hainanese) 食短, 落拙
(Hokkien) 克虧／克亏

Adjective

吃虧

disadvantageous; unfortunate
(Eastern Min, Puxian Min) ill, sick
我今旦野吃虧，蜀身都是疼其。 [Eastern Min, trad.]
我今旦野吃亏，蜀身都是疼其。 [Eastern Min, simp.]
Nguāi gĭng-dáng iā kék-kŭi, siŏh sĭng dŭ-sê tiáng-gì. / [ŋuai³³ kiŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(t-)nɑŋ²¹³ ia³³ kʰiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ kʰui⁵⁵ suoʔ⁵ siŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(s-)lɛi²⁴² tʰiaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^(k-)ŋi⁵³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
I feel ill today; my whole body hurts.

Synonyms

(disadvantageous): 不利 (bùlì)
(ill): 難受／难受 (nánshòu)

Derived terms

不聽老人言，吃虧在眼前 / 不听老人言，吃亏在眼前 (bùtīng lǎorén yán, chīkuī zài yǎnqián)
貨比三家不吃虧 / 货比三家不吃亏 (huòbǐsānjiā bù chīkuī)

References

李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 67.