卑劣

Chinese

		low; base; vulgar low; base; vulgar; inferior; humble	inferior
simp. and trad. (卑劣)		卑	劣

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bēiliè

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄟㄌㄧㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bei¹ lyut³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pi-loat / pi-loa̍t

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bēiliè
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄟㄌㄧㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: beiliè
  - Wade–Giles: pei¹-lieh⁴
  - Yale: bēi-lyè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beilieh
  - Palladius: бэйле (bɛjle)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /peɪ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bei¹ lyut³
  - Yale: bēi lyut
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bei¹ lyt⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: béi¹ lüd³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pei̯⁵⁵ lyːt̚³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pi-loat
  - Tâi-lô: pi-luat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: piload
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pi³³ luat̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pi-loa̍t
  - Tâi-lô: pi-lua̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: piloat
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /pi⁴⁴⁻²² luat̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /pi⁴⁴⁻²² luat̚¹²¹/

Adjective

卑劣

mean; base; despicable; nasty

Synonyms

edit

卑鄙
鄙劣 (bǐliè) (literary)
醜陋 / 丑陋 (chǒulòu)
骯髒 / 肮脏
齷齪 / 龌龊 (wòchuò)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
卑	劣
ひ Grade: S	れつ Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spellings
卑劣 (kyūjitai) 鄙劣

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ひれつ [hìrétsú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]
IPA^(key): [çiɾe̞t͡sɨ]

Adjective

卑(ひ)劣(れつ) • (hiretsu) -na (adnominal 卑(ひ)劣(れつ)な (hiretsu na), adverbial 卑(ひ)劣(れつ)に (hiretsu ni))

mean, despicable, dirty, vile, ignoble

Inflection

Inflection of 卑劣
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	卑劣だろ	ひれつだろ	hiretsu daro
Continuative (連用形)	卑劣で	ひれつで	hiretsu de
Terminal (終止形)	卑劣だ	ひれつだ	hiretsu da
Attributive (連体形)	卑劣な	ひれつな	hiretsu na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	卑劣なら	ひれつなら	hiretsu nara
Imperative (命令形)	卑劣であれ	ひれつであれ	hiretsu de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	卑劣ではない卑劣じゃない	ひれつではないひれつじゃない	hiretsu de wa nai hiretsu ja nai
Informal past	卑劣だった	ひれつだった	hiretsu datta
Informal negative past	卑劣ではなかった卑劣じゃなかった	ひれつではなかったひれつじゃなかった	hiretsu de wa nakatta hiretsu ja nakatta
Formal	卑劣です	ひれつです	hiretsu desu
Formal negative	卑劣ではありません卑劣じゃありません	ひれつではありませんひれつじゃありません	hiretsu de wa arimasen hiretsu ja arimasen
Formal past	卑劣でした	ひれつでした	hiretsu deshita
Formal negative past	卑劣ではありませんでした卑劣じゃありませんでした	ひれつではありませんでしたひれつじゃありませんでした	hiretsu de wa arimasen deshita hiretsu ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	卑劣で	ひれつで	hiretsu de
Conditional	卑劣なら（ば）	ひれつなら（ば）	hiretsu nara (ba)
Provisional	卑劣だったら	ひれつだったら	hiretsu dattara
Volitional	卑劣だろう	ひれつだろう	hiretsu darō
Adverbial	卑劣に	ひれつに	hiretsu ni
Degree	卑劣さ	ひれつさ	hiretsusa

Classical conjugation of "卑劣なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	卑劣なら	ひれつなら	firetunara
Continuative (連用形)	卑劣に^[1] 卑劣なり^[2]	ひれつにひれつなり	firetuni firetunari
Terminal (終止形)	卑劣なり	ひれつなり	firetunari
Attributive (連体形)	卑劣なる	ひれつなる	firetunaru
Realis (已然形)	卑劣なれ	ひれつなれ	firetunare
Imperative (命令形)	卑劣なれ	ひれつなれ	firetunare
Key constructions
Negative	卑劣ならず	ひれつならず	firetunarazu
Contrasting conjunction	卑劣なれど	ひれつなれど	firetunaredo
Causal conjunction	卑劣なれば	ひれつなれば	firetunareba
Conditional conjunction	卑劣ならば	ひれつならば	firetunaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	卑劣なりき	ひれつなりき	firetunariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	卑劣なりけり	ひれつなりけり	firetunarikeri
Adverbial	卑劣に	ひれつに	firetuni

^[1]Without auxiliary verb.
^[2]With auxiliary verb.

Synonyms

下品

Antonyms

Noun

卑(ひ)劣(れつ) • (hiretsu)

meanness

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2019), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“卑劣”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

[DJR4-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2019), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJS-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[SMK8-3] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-4] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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