創始
See also: 创始
Chinese
begin; initiate; inaugurate begin; initiate; inaugurate; start; create; a wound; cut; injury; trauma |
begin | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (創始) | 創 | 始 | |
| simp. (创始) | 创 | 始 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cong3 ci2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhong-sṳ́
- Eastern Min (BUC): cháung-sṳ̄
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhòng-sí
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: chuàngshǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤˋ ㄕˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chuàngshǐh
- Wade–Giles: chʻuang4-shih3
- Yale: chwàng-shř
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuanqshyy
- Palladius: чуанши (čuanši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: cong3 ci2
- Yale: chong chí
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsong3 tsi2
- Guangdong Romanization: cong3 qi2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔːŋ³³ t͡sʰiː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhong-sṳ́
- Hakka Romanization System: cong siiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cong4 si3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ sɨ³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòng-sí
- Tâi-lô: tshòng-sí
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhorngsie
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si⁵⁵⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ si⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ si⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
創始
Synonyms
Derived terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 創 | 始 |
| そう Grade: 6 |
し Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [so̞ːɕi]
Noun
創始 • (sōshi)
Verb
創始する • (sōshi suru) transitive suru (stem 創始し (sōshi shi), past 創始した (sōshi shita))
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 創始し | そうしし | sōshi shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 創始し | そうしし | sōshi shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 創始する | そうしする | sōshi suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 創始する | そうしする | sōshi suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 創始すれ | そうしすれ | sōshi sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 創始せよ¹ 創始しろ² |
そうしせよ¹ そうししろ² |
sōshi seyo¹ sōshi shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 創始される | そうしされる | sōshi sareru |
| Causative | 創始させる 創始さす |
そうしさせる そうしさす |
sōshi saseru sōshi sasu |
| Potential | 創始できる | そうしできる | sōshi dekiru |
| Volitional | 創始しよう | そうししよう | sōshi shiyō |
| Negative | 創始しない | そうししない | sōshi shinai |
| Negative continuative | 創始せず | そうしせず | sōshi sezu |
| Formal | 創始します | そうしします | sōshi shimasu |
| Perfective | 創始した | そうしした | sōshi shita |
| Conjunctive | 創始して | そうしして | sōshi shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 創始すれば | そうしすれば | sōshi sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- “創始”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026