切り詰める
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 切 | 詰 |
| き Grade: 2 |
つ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 切詰める |
Etymology
切る (kiru, “to cut”) + 詰める (tsumeru, “to shorten; to reduce”)
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) きりつめる [kìrítsúméꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [4])[1][2][3]
- (Tokyo) きりつめる [kìrítsúmérú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2][3]
- IPA(key): [kʲiɾʲit͡sɨme̞ɾɯ̟]
Verb
切り詰める • (kiritsumeru) ichidan (stem 切り詰め (kiritsume), past 切り詰めた (kiritsumeta))
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 切り詰め | きりつめ | kiritsume |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 切り詰め | きりつめ | kiritsume |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 切り詰める | きりつめる | kiritsumeru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 切り詰める | きりつめる | kiritsumeru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 切り詰めれ | きりつめれ | kiritsumere |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 切り詰めよ¹ 切り詰めろ² |
きりつめよ¹ きりつめろ² |
kiritsumeyo¹ kiritsumero² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 切り詰められる | きりつめられる | kiritsumerareru |
| Causative | 切り詰めさせる 切り詰めさす |
きりつめさせる きりつめさす |
kiritsumesaseru kiritsumesasu |
| Potential | 切り詰められる 切り詰めれる³ |
きりつめられる きりつめれる³ |
kiritsumerareru kiritsumereru³ |
| Volitional | 切り詰めよう | きりつめよう | kiritsumeyō |
| Negative | 切り詰めない 切り詰めぬ 切り詰めん |
きりつめない きりつめぬ きりつめん |
kiritsumenai kiritsumenu kiritsumen |
| Negative continuative | 切り詰めず | きりつめず | kiritsumezu |
| Formal | 切り詰めます | きりつめます | kiritsumemasu |
| Perfective | 切り詰めた | きりつめた | kiritsumeta |
| Conjunctive | 切り詰めて | きりつめて | kiritsumete |
| Hypothetical conditional | 切り詰めれば | きりつめれば | kiritsumereba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (2016), NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN