切り上げる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 切 | 上 |
| き Grade: 2 |
あ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 切上げる |
Etymology
切る (kiru, “to cut”) + 上げる (ageru, “to raise”)
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) きりあげる [kìríágéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [4])[1][2][3]
- (Tokyo) きりあげる [kìríágérú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2][3]
- IPA(key): [kʲiɾʲia̠ɡe̞ɾɯ̟]
Verb
切り上げる • (kiriageru) ichidan (stem 切り上げ (kiriage), past 切り上げた (kiriageta))
- to stop, end (something)
- (arithmetic) to round up
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 切り上げ | きりあげ | kiriage |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 切り上げ | きりあげ | kiriage |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 切り上げる | きりあげる | kiriageru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 切り上げる | きりあげる | kiriageru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 切り上げれ | きりあげれ | kiriagere |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 切り上げよ¹ 切り上げろ² |
きりあげよ¹ きりあげろ² |
kiriageyo¹ kiriagero² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 切り上げられる | きりあげられる | kiriagerareru |
| Causative | 切り上げさせる 切り上げさす |
きりあげさせる きりあげさす |
kiriagesaseru kiriagesasu |
| Potential | 切り上げられる 切り上げれる³ |
きりあげられる きりあげれる³ |
kiriagerareru kiriagereru³ |
| Volitional | 切り上げよう | きりあげよう | kiriageyō |
| Negative | 切り上げない 切り上げぬ 切り上げん |
きりあげない きりあげぬ きりあげん |
kiriagenai kiriagenu kiriagen |
| Negative continuative | 切り上げず | きりあげず | kiriagezu |
| Formal | 切り上げます | きりあげます | kiriagemasu |
| Perfective | 切り上げた | きりあげた | kiriageta |
| Conjunctive | 切り上げて | きりあげて | kiriagete |
| Hypothetical conditional | 切り上げれば | きりあげれば | kiriagereba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential
Derived terms
- 切り上げ (kiriage)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (2016), NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN