借用

Chinese

		to lend; to borrow; excuse to lend; to borrow; excuse; pretext; by means of	to use
simp. and trad. (借用)		借	用

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jièyòng

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄩㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ze³ jung⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chia-yung
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chioh-ēng / chioh-iōng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jièyòng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄩㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jièyòng
  - Wade–Giles: chieh⁴-yung⁴
  - Yale: jyè-yùng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiehyonq
  - Palladius: цзеюн (czejun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jʊŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ze³ jung⁶
  - Yale: je yuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dze³ jung⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: zé³ yung⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛː³³ jʊŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chia-yung
  - Hakka Romanization System: jia iung
  - Hagfa Pinyim: jia⁴ yung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡si̯a⁵⁵ i̯uŋ⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chia-yung
  - Hakka Romanization System: jia (r)iung
  - Hagfa Pinyim: jia⁴ yung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡si̯a⁵⁵ (j)i̯uŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chioh-ēng
  - Tâi-lô: tsioh-īng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cioih'eng
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sio(ʔ)⁵ iɪŋ⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sio(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ iɪŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chioh-iōng
  - Tâi-lô: tsioh-iōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cioih'iong
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sio(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sio(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ iɔŋ³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɤ(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ³³/

Verb

借用

to borrow (e.g. an object, a word, etc.)
to use something for another purpose

Synonyms

(to borrow): 假借 (jiǎjiè)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
借	用
しゃく Grade: 4	よう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しゃくよー [shàkúyóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕa̠kɯ̟jo̞ː]

Noun

借(しゃく)用(よう) • (shakuyō) ^{←しやくよう (syakuyou)^?}

borrowing (e.g. an object, a word, etc.)
語彙(ごい)借用(しゃくよう)
goi shakuyō
lexical borrowing

Verb

借(しゃく)用(よう)する • (shakuyō suru) ^{←しやくよう (syakuyou)^?}suru (stem 借(しゃく)用(よう)し (shakuyō shi), past 借(しゃく)用(よう)した (shakuyō shita))

to borrow (e.g. an object, a word, etc.)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "借用する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	借用し	しゃくようし	shakuyō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	借用し	しゃくようし	shakuyō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	借用する	しゃくようする	shakuyō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	借用する	しゃくようする	shakuyō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	借用すれ	しゃくようすれ	shakuyō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	借用せよ¹ 借用しろ²	しゃくようせよ¹ しゃくようしろ²	shakuyō seyo¹ shakuyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	借用される	しゃくようされる	shakuyō sareru
Causative	借用させる借用さす	しゃくようさせるしゃくようさす	shakuyō saseru shakuyō sasu
Potential	借用できる	しゃくようできる	shakuyō dekiru
Volitional	借用しよう	しゃくようしよう	shakuyō shiyō
Negative	借用しない	しゃくようしない	shakuyō shinai
Negative continuative	借用せず	しゃくようせず	shakuyō sezu
Formal	借用します	しゃくようします	shakuyō shimasu
Perfective	借用した	しゃくようした	shakuyō shita
Conjunctive	借用して	しゃくようして	shakuyō shite
Hypothetical conditional	借用すれば	しゃくようすれば	shakuyō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“借用”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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