伺候

Chinese

		to watch; to wait; to examine to watch; to wait; to examine; to spy; wait on	wait
trad. (伺候)		伺	候
simp. ^#(伺候)		伺	候

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cìhou, cìhòu

(Zhuyin): ㄘˋ ˙ㄏㄡ, ㄘˋ ㄏㄡˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): si⁶ hau⁶ / zi⁶ hau⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sù-hō͘ / sìr-hiō / sū-hō͘ / sù-hāu / sū-hāu / su-hāu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cìhou
  - Zhuyin: ㄘˋ ˙ㄏㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cìhho̊u
  - Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ⁴-hou⁵
  - Yale: tsz̀-hou
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyh.hou
  - Palladius: цыхоу (cyxou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹ xoʊ̯¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cìhòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄘˋ ㄏㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cìhhòu
  - Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ⁴-hou⁴
  - Yale: tsz̀-hòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyhhow
  - Palladius: цыхоу (cyxou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    伺候
    次後 / 次后
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: si⁶ hau⁶ / zi⁶ hau⁶
  - Yale: sih hauh / jih hauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si⁶ hau⁶ / dzi⁶ hau⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi⁶ heo⁶ / ji⁶ heo⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː²² hɐu̯²²/, /t͡siː²² hɐu̯²²/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    事後 / 事后
    伺候
    侍候
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù-hō͘
  - Tâi-lô: sù-hōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: suo'ho
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su²¹⁻⁵³ hɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr-hiō
  - Tâi-lô: sìr-hiō
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hio⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū-hō͘
  - Tâi-lô: sū-hōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: suxho
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /su³³⁻²¹ hɔ³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /su³³⁻¹¹ hɔ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù-hāu
  - Tâi-lô: sù-hāu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: suo'hau
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /su²¹⁻⁴¹ hau³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su²¹⁻⁵³ hau²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /su¹¹⁻⁵³ hau³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū-hāu
  - Tâi-lô: sū-hāu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: suxhau
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /su³³⁻¹¹ hau³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /su³³⁻²¹ hau³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su-hāu
  - Tâi-lô: su-hāu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: su'hau
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴⁻³³ hau³³/

Verb

伺候

to serve; to wait on

Synonyms

(to serve):

edit

事奉 (shìfèng)
侍候 (shìhòu)
侍奉 (shìfèng)
服侍

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sìhòu

(Zhuyin): ㄙˋ ㄏㄡˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): si⁶ hau⁶ / zi⁶ hau⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sìhòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄙˋ ㄏㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sìhhòu
  - Wade–Giles: ssŭ⁴-hou⁴
  - Yale: sz̀-hòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syhhow
  - Palladius: сыхоу (syxou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: si⁶ hau⁶ / zi⁶ hau⁶
  - Yale: sih hauh / jih hauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si⁶ hau⁶ / dzi⁶ hau⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi⁶ heo⁶ / ji⁶ heo⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː²² hɐu̯²²/, /t͡siː²² hɐu̯²²/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    事後 / 事后
    伺候
    侍候

Verb

伺候

to spy on; to scout; to lie in wait for
to wait for; to await

Synonyms

(to wait for):

edit

佇候 / 伫候 (zhùhòu) (literary)
候等 (hāu-tán) (Hokkien)
守候 (shǒuhòu)
敬候 (jìnghòu) (honorific)
留住 (liúzhù) (literary)
當等 / 当等 (tng-tán) (Xiamen Hokkien)
等 (děng)
等候 (děnghòu)
等待 (děngdài)
聽候 / 听候 (tīnghòu) (literary, or Min Nan)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
伺	候
し Grade: S	こう Grade: 4
on'yomi	kan'on

Alternative spelling
祗候

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しこー [shìkóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɕiko̞ː]

Noun

伺(し)候(こう) • (shikō) ^{←しこう (sikou)^?}

waiting on someone

Verb

伺(し)候(こう)する • (shikō suru) ^{←しこう (sikou)^?}intransitive suru (stem 伺(し)候(こう)し (shikō shi), past 伺(し)候(こう)した (shikō shita))

to wait on someone

Conjugation

Conjugation of "伺候する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	伺候し	しこうし	shikō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	伺候し	しこうし	shikō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	伺候する	しこうする	shikō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	伺候する	しこうする	shikō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	伺候すれ	しこうすれ	shikō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	伺候せよ¹ 伺候しろ²	しこうせよ¹ しこうしろ²	shikō seyo¹ shikō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	伺候される	しこうされる	shikō sareru
Causative	伺候させる伺候さす	しこうさせるしこうさす	shikō saseru shikō sasu
Potential	伺候できる	しこうできる	shikō dekiru
Volitional	伺候しよう	しこうしよう	shikō shiyō
Negative	伺候しない	しこうしない	shikō shinai
Negative continuative	伺候せず	しこうせず	shikō sezu
Formal	伺候します	しこうします	shikō shimasu
Perfective	伺候した	しこうした	shikō shita
Conjunctive	伺候して	しこうして	shikō shite
Hypothetical conditional	伺候すれば	しこうすれば	shikō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“伺候”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
伺	候

Noun

伺候 • (sahu) (hangeul 사후)

hanja form^? of 사후 (“waiting on someone”)

[SMK7-1] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]