介入

Chinese

		introduce; lie between; between	to enter
trad. (介入)		介	入
simp. ^#(介入)		介	入

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jièrù

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄖㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gaai³ jap⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kài-ji̍p / kài-li̍p

(Teochew, Peng'im): gai³ rib⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jièrù
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄖㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jièrù
  - Wade–Giles: chieh⁴-ju⁴
  - Yale: jyè-rù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiehruh
  - Palladius: цзежу (czežu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐu⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    介入
    借入
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaai³ jap⁶
  - Yale: gaai yahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaai³ jap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gai³ yeb⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːi̯³³ jɐp̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kài-ji̍p
  - Tâi-lô: kài-ji̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kaejip
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kai²¹⁻⁴¹ zip̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kai²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zip̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kài-li̍p
  - Tâi-lô: kài-li̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kaelip
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kai²¹⁻⁵³ lip̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lip̚²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kai¹¹⁻⁵³ lip̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gai³ rib⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kài ji̍p
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zip̚⁴/

Verb

介入

to intervene; to get involved

Synonyms

摻和／掺和 (chānhuo)

Adjective

介入

(medicine, attributive) interventional

Japanese

Kanji in this term
介	入
かい Grade: S	にゅう Grade: 1
on'yomi

Etymology

介(かい) (kai, “force in”) + 入(にゅう) (nyū, “enter”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かいにゅう [kàínyúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ka̠iɲ̟ɨː]

Noun

介(かい)入(にゅう) • (kainyū) ^{←かいにふ (kainifu)^?}

an intervention
介入(かいにゅう)に踏(ふ)み切(き)った
kainyū ni fumikitta
They moved to intervene.

Verb

介(かい)入(にゅう)する • (kainyū suru) ^{←かいにふ (kainifu)^?}suru (stem 介(かい)入(にゅう)し (kainyū shi), past 介(かい)入(にゅう)した (kainyū shita))

intervene, step in (an argument), edge in (a market)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "介入する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	介入し	かいにゅうし	kainyū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	介入し	かいにゅうし	kainyū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	介入する	かいにゅうする	kainyū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	介入する	かいにゅうする	kainyū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	介入すれ	かいにゅうすれ	kainyū sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	介入せよ¹ 介入しろ²	かいにゅうせよ¹ かいにゅうしろ²	kainyū seyo¹ kainyū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	介入される	かいにゅうされる	kainyū sareru
Causative	介入させる介入さす	かいにゅうさせるかいにゅうさす	kainyū saseru kainyū sasu
Potential	介入できる	かいにゅうできる	kainyū dekiru
Volitional	介入しよう	かいにゅうしよう	kainyū shiyō
Negative	介入しない	かいにゅうしない	kainyū shinai
Negative continuative	介入せず	かいにゅうせず	kainyū sezu
Formal	介入します	かいにゅうします	kainyū shimasu
Perfective	介入した	かいにゅうした	kainyū shita
Conjunctive	介入して	かいにゅうして	kainyū shite
Hypothetical conditional	介入すれば	かいにゅうすれば	kainyū sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“介入”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
介	入

Noun

介入 • (gaeip) (hangeul 개입)

hanja form^? of 개입 (“intervention”)