五更

Chinese

		five	to change; more; even more to change; more; even more; further; still; still more
simp. and trad. (五更)		五	更

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wǔgēng

(Zhuyin): ㄨˇ ㄍㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ng⁵ gaang¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ńg-kâng

(Hailu, HRS): ng^ˊ gang^ˋ

(Changting, Changting Pinyin): ng³ gang¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): gǒ͘-kiⁿ / gō͘-kiⁿ / gō͘-keⁿ / ngó͘-keng

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngou⁶ gên¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǔgēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˇ ㄍㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǔgeng
  - Wade–Giles: wu³-kêng¹
  - Yale: wǔ-gēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuugeng
  - Palladius: угэн (ugɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ng⁵ gaang¹
  - Yale: ńgh gāang
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ng⁵ gaang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ng⁵ gang¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ̍¹³ kaːŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ńg-kâng
  - Hakka Romanization System: ng^ˋ gang^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ng³ gang¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋ̍³¹ kaŋ²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ng^ˊ gang^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋ²⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³/
- (Changting)
  - Changting Pinyin: ng³ gang¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋ̍⁴² kaŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gǒ͘-kiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: gǒo-kinn
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔ²² kĩ³³/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō͘-kiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: gōo-kinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: goxkvy
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ɡɔ³³⁻¹¹ kĩ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ɡɔ²²⁻²¹ kĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō͘-keⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: gōo-kenn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: goxkvef
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɔ³³⁻²¹ kẽ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡɔ²²⁻²¹ kɛ̃⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngó͘-keng
  - Tâi-lô: ngóo-king
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngofkefng
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ngou⁶ gên¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngŏu keⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋou³⁵⁻¹¹ kẽ³³/

Noun

五更

(archaic) the five watches of the night
(archaic) fifth watch (between 3:00am and 5:00am)

Related terms

初更 (chūgēng)
二更 (èrgēng)
三更 (sāngēng)
四更 (sìgēng)

References

“五更”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Mandarin and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.
周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “五更”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 720.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
五	更
ご Grade: 1	こう Grade: S
on'yomi	kan'on

Noun

五(ご)更(こう) • (gokō)

(historical) the five watches of the night
Synonym: 五夜 (goya)
(historical) the fifth watch of the night, 3 a.m. to 5 a.m.
Coordinate terms: 初更, 二更, 三更, 四更, 五更

References

“五更”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026