世襲

See also: 世袭

Chinese

		life; age; generation life; age; generation; era; world; lifetime	inherit; raid; suit of clothes
trad. (世襲)		世	襲
simp. (世袭)		世	袭

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shìxí

(Zhuyin): ㄕˋ ㄒㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sai³ zaap⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sè-si̍p / sì-si̍t

(Teochew, Peng'im): si³ sib⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shìxí
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˋ ㄒㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shìhsí
  - Wade–Giles: shih⁴-hsi²
  - Yale: shr̀-syí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyhshyi
  - Palladius: шиси (šisi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɕi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sai³ zaap⁶
  - Yale: sai jaahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sai³ dzaap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sei³ zab⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯³³ t͡saːp̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sè-si̍p
  - Tâi-lô: sè-si̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seasip
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /se²¹⁻⁵³ sip̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sip̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì-si̍t
  - Tâi-lô: sì-si̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siesit
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²¹⁻⁵³ sit̚¹²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: si³ sib⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sì si̍p
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sip̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: syejH zip

Rime
Character	世	襲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)	緝 (141)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	舒制切	似入切
Baxter	syejH	zip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕiᴇi^H/	/ziɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiɛi^H/	/zip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕjæi^H/	/zjep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕiaj^H/	/zip̚/
Li Rong	/ɕiɛi^H/	/ziəp̚/
Wang Li	/ɕĭɛi^H/	/zĭĕp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɕi̯ɛi^H/	/zi̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shì	xí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sai³	zap⁶

Verb

世襲

to inherit; to succeed
家族世襲／家族世袭 ― jiāzú shìxí ― hereditary succession

世襲制度／世袭制度 ― shìxí zhìdù ― hereditary system

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (世襲):

→ Japanese: 世(せ)襲(しゅう) (seshū)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
世	襲
せ Grade: 3	しゅう Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) せしゅう [sèshúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [se̞ɕɨː]

Noun

世(せ)襲(しゅう) • (seshū)

heredity
old money (families whose wealth comes from generations)

Verb

世(せ)襲(しゅう)する • (seshū suru) suru (stem 世(せ)襲(しゅう)し (seshū shi), past 世(せ)襲(しゅう)した (seshū shita))

to be passed on, to be inherited

Conjugation

Conjugation of "世襲する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	世襲し	せしゅうし	seshū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	世襲し	せしゅうし	seshū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	世襲する	せしゅうする	seshū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	世襲する	せしゅうする	seshū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	世襲すれ	せしゅうすれ	seshū sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	世襲せよ¹ 世襲しろ²	せしゅうせよ¹ せしゅうしろ²	seshū seyo¹ seshū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	世襲される	せしゅうされる	seshū sareru
Causative	世襲させる世襲さす	せしゅうさせるせしゅうさす	seshū saseru seshū sasu
Potential	世襲できる	せしゅうできる	seshū dekiru
Volitional	世襲しよう	せしゅうしよう	seshū shiyō
Negative	世襲しない	せしゅうしない	seshū shinai
Negative continuative	世襲せず	せしゅうせず	seshū sezu
Formal	世襲します	せしゅうします	seshū shimasu
Perfective	世襲した	せしゅうした	seshū shita
Conjunctive	世襲して	せしゅうして	seshū shite
Hypothetical conditional	世襲すれば	せしゅうすれば	seshū sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“世襲”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026