ぴかぴか

See also: ひかひか and びかびか

Japanese

Etymology

/fikafika//pikapika/

First attested as ひかひか (fikafika) in the 1595 Dictionarivm Latino Lvsitanicvm, ac Iaponicvm (“Dictionary from Latin into Portuguese, and Japanese”).[1]

Reduplication of the ひか (hika-) root of Old Japanese-derived verb 光る (hikaru, to shine, to gleam), which root is from Proto-Japonic *pika. See also *pikaru.

As part of the Late Middle Japanese reintroduction of /p/ as a phoneme, particularly among mimetic words and in some Sino-Japanese compounds, this word regained its original /p/ sound that had by then shifted to /ɸ/.

Pronunciation 1

Adverb

ぴかぴか or ピカピカ • (pikapika (optionally as ぴかぴか (pikapika to))

  1. (onomatopoeia) glitteringly, sparklingly
    ぴかぴか(ひか)(ほう)(せき)pikapika hikaru hōsekia sparklingly shining jewel
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Korean: 삐까삐까 (ppikkappikka, equally matched, nip and tuck)
See also
  • ひかひか (hikahika)
  • びかびか (bikabika)

Pronunciation 2

  • (Tokyo) かぴか [pìkápíká] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
  • IPA(key): [pʲika̠pʲika̠]

Adjective

ぴかぴか or ピカピカ • (pikapika-na (adnominal ぴかぴか (pikapika na), adverbial ぴかぴか (pikapika ni))

  1. shiny, glossy
    ぴかぴかなグラスpikapika na gurasua shiny drinking glass
    ピカピカ(いち)(ねん)(せい)pikapika no ichinenseia shiny, fresh first-year student
    • 2025 February 14, 高垣廣徳 [Hironori Takagaki], quotee, “第217回国会 衆議院 予算委員会 第10号 令和7年2月14日 [217th Diet, House of Representatives, Budget Committee, No. 10, February 14, 2025]”, in 国会会議録検索システム [Diet Proceedings Search System]‎[1], 国立国会図書館 [National Diet Library], retrieved 17 August 2025:
      高速道路などの舗装が劣化して、それがまさに、戦後すぐのぴかぴかの道路から穴ぼこの道路に変わった。
      Kōsoku dōro nado no hosō ga rekka shite, sore ga masani, sengo sugu no pikapika no dōro kara anaboko no dōro ni kawatta.
      The pavement of highways and other roads has deteriorated, turning the shiny roads of the post-war era into roads full of potholes.
    • 2025 February 19, 井上義行 [Yoshiyuki Inoue], quotee, “第217回国会 参議院 資源エネルギー・持続可能社会に関する調査会 第3号 令和7年2月19日 [217th Diet, House of Councilors, Research Committee on Resources, Energy and Sustainable Society, No. 3, February 19, 2025]”, in 国会会議録検索システム [Diet Proceedings Search System]‎[2], 国立国会図書館 [National Diet Library], retrieved 17 August 2025:
      そうすることによって、例えば田舎に行って、まあ私も田舎に住んでいますけど、田んぼのど真ん中にいきなり太陽光のパネルがぱっと付いたり、山がぴかぴかぴかぴか光ったり、あるいは河原で物すごいいい景観なのに太陽光のパネルがばんばん付いていると。
      Sō suru koto ni yotte, tatoeba inaka ni itte, mā watashi mo inaka ni sunde imasu kedo, tanbo no domannaka ni ikinari taiyōkō no paneru ga patto tsuitari, yama ga pikapika pikapika hikattari, arui wa kawara de monosugoi ii keshiki na no ni taiyōkō no paneru ga banban tsuite iru to.
      By doing this, for example, if you go to the countryside, and I live in the countryside myself, you might see solar panels suddenly appear in the middle of a rice field, or the mountains sparkle brightly, or maybe there's a riverbank with a beautiful view, but it's covered with solar panels.
    • 2025 March 13, 平木大作 [Daisaku Hiraki], quotee, “第217回国会 参議院 文教科学委員会 第2号 令和7年3月13日 [217th Diet House of Councilors Committee on Education and Science No. 2 March 13, 2025]”, in 国会会議録検索システム [Diet Proceedings Search System]‎[3], 国立国会図書館 [National Diet Library], retrieved 17 August 2025:
      じゃあということで、別にぴかぴかのところに入れたわけじゃないんだけれど、私立の小学校入れて、一年の学費が三万ドルだそうです。
      Jā to iu koto de, betsu ni pikapika no tokoro ni haireta wake janain da keredo, shiritsu no shōgakkō hairete, ichi nen no gakuhi ga san man doru da sō desu.
      So, although he didn't get into a particularly prestigious school, he did go to a private elementary school, and the tuition was apparently $30,000 a year.
Inflection
Inflection of ぴかぴか
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) ぴかぴかだろ pikapika daro
Continuative (連用形) ぴかぴかで pikapika de
Terminal (終止形) ぴかぴかだ pikapika da
Attributive (連体形) ぴかぴかな pikapika na
Hypothetical (仮定形) ぴかぴかなら pikapika nara
Imperative (命令形) ぴかぴかであれ pikapika de are
Key constructions
Informal negative ぴかぴかではない
ぴかぴかじゃない
pikapika de wa nai
pikapika ja nai
Informal past ぴかぴかだった pikapika datta
Informal negative past ぴかぴかではなかった
ぴかぴかじゃなかった
pikapika de wa nakatta
pikapika ja nakatta
Formal ぴかぴかです pikapika desu
Formal negative ぴかぴかではありません
ぴかぴかじゃありません
pikapika de wa arimasen
pikapika ja arimasen
Formal past ぴかぴかでした pikapika deshita
Formal negative past ぴかぴかではありませんでした
ぴかぴかじゃありませんでした
pikapika de wa arimasen deshita
pikapika ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive ぴかぴかで pikapika de
Conditional ぴかぴかなら(ば) pikapika nara (ba)
Provisional ぴかぴかだったら pikapika dattara
Volitional ぴかぴかだろう pikapika darō
Adverbial ぴかぴかに pikapika ni
Degree ぴかぴかさ pikapikasa
Derived terms
  • ぴっかぴか (pikkapika)
  • (ぴか)(いち) (pikaichi)
  • (きん)ぴか (kinpika)
  • つるぴか (tsurupika)
  • (やす)ぴか (yasupika)

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN; source text visible online here, in the Coruscus entry, third down in the left-hand column, in the adverbial form ficaficato
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN