しっかり
Japanese
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 確り (literary) 聢り (literary) |
Pronunciation
Adverb
しっかり • (shikkari) (optionally as しっかりと (shikkari to))
- fast (in a firm or secure manner), tightly
- surely, unwaveringly, steadily, reliably
- しっかり勉強しなさい。 ― Shikkari benkyō shinasai. ― Study hard.
Verb
しっかりする • (shikkari suru) suru (stem しっかりし (shikkari shi), past しっかりした (shikkari shita))
- be fast, securely in place
- be reliable, level-headed
- keep going, keep trying
- しっかりして！ ― shikkari shite! ― Cheer up!
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | しっかりし | shikkari shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | しっかりし | shikkari shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | しっかりする | shikkari suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | しっかりする | shikkari suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | しっかりすれ | shikkari sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | しっかりせよ¹ しっかりしろ² |
shikkari seyo¹ shikkari shiro² | |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | しっかりされる | shikkari sareru | |
| Causative | しっかりさせる しっかりさす |
shikkari saseru shikkari sasu | |
| Potential | しっかりできる | shikkari dekiru | |
| Volitional | しっかりしよう | shikkari shiyō | |
| Negative | しっかりしない | shikkari shinai | |
| Negative continuative | しっかりせず | shikkari sezu | |
| Formal | しっかりします | shikkari shimasu | |
| Perfective | しっかりした | shikkari shita | |
| Conjunctive | しっかりして | shikkari shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | しっかりすれば | shikkari sureba | |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō