いななく
Japanese
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 嘶く |
Etymology
い (i) is onomatopoeic for the sound a horse makes, compare modern ひひーん (hihīn, “neigh; whinny”) or the use of the characters 馬声 (literally “horse voice”) to spell the Old Japanese syllable /i/ in the Man'yōshū. The なく (naku) portion may be related to 鳴く (naku, “(of an animal) to call; to make noise”).
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) いななく [ìnánáꜜkù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- (Tokyo) いななく [ìnánákú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA(key): [ina̠na̠kɯ̟]
Verb
いななく • (inanaku) ←いななく (inanaku)?godan (stem いななき (inanaki), past いなないた (inanaita))
- to neigh (of a horse: to make its cry)
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | いななか | inanaka | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | いななき | inanaki | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | いななく | inanaku | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | いななく | inanaku | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | いななけ | inanake | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | いななけ | inanake | |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | いななかれる | inanakareru | |
| Causative | いななかせる いななかす |
inanakaseru inanakasu | |
| Potential | いななける | inanakeru | |
| Volitional | いななこう | inanakō | |
| Negative | いななかない | inanakanai | |
| Negative continuative | いななかず | inanakazu | |
| Formal | いななきます | inanakimasu | |
| Perfective | いなないた | inanaita | |
| Conjunctive | いなないて | inanaite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | いななけば | inanakeba | |