Ἑσπερία

See also: ἑσπερία

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Ἑσπερῐ́η (Hesperĭ́ē) — Epic

Etymology

Nominalization of ἑσπερῐ́ᾱ (hesperĭ́ā), the feminine singular of ἑσπέρῐος (hespérĭos, “towards evening, western”), elliptically for ἡ ἑσπερῐ́ᾱ χθών (hē hesperĭ́ā khthṓn, “the western land”), used as a proper noun.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hes.pe.rí.aː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)es.peˈri.a/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /es.peˈri.a/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /es.peˈri.a/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /es.peˈri.a/

Homophone: ἑσπερῐ́ᾱ (hesperĭ́ā)

Proper noun

Ἑσπερῐ́ᾱ • (Hesperĭ́ā) f (genitive Ἑσπερῐ́ᾱς); first declension

Italy
- ante 7 BCE, Agathyllus, apud Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 1.49:
  Λέγεται δὲ ταῦτα ἄλλοις τε καὶ Ἀριαίθῳ γράψαντι τὰ Ἀρκαδικά. Εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ οἳ δεῦρο μὲν ἀφικέσθαι τὸν Αἰνείαν μυθολογοῦσιν, οὐ μέντοι τήν γε τελευτὴν αὐτῷ τοῦ βίου συμπεσεῖν ἐν τοῖς δε τοῖς χωρίοις, ἀλλ’ ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ, ὡς ἄλλοί τε πολλοὶ δηλοῦσι καὶ Ἀγάθυλλος Ἀρκὰς ὁ ποιητὴς ἐν ἐλεγείῳ λέγων ὧδε·
  Ἵκετο δ’ Ἀρκαδίην, Νήσῳ δ’ ἐγκάτθετο παῖδας
  δοιάς, Κωδώνης λέκτρα καὶ Ἀνθεμόνης.
  Αὐτὸς δ’ Ἑσπερίην ἔσυτο χθόνα, γείνατο δ’ υἷα Ῥωμύλον.
  Légetai dè taûta állois te kaì Ariaíthōi grápsanti tà Arkadiká. Eisì dè kaì hoì deûro mèn aphikésthai tòn Aineían muthologoûsin, ou méntoi tḗn ge teleutḕn autōî toû bíou sumpeseîn en toîs de toîs khōríois, all’ en Italíāi, hōs álloí te polloì dēloûsi kaì Agáthullos Arkàs ho poiētḕs en elegeíōi légōn hôde;
  Híketo d’ Arkadíēn, Nḗsōi d’ enkáttheto paîdas
  doiás, Kōdṓnēs léktra kaì Anthemónēs.
  Autòs d’ Hesperíēn ésuto khthóna, geínato d’ huîa Rhōmúlon.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Spain
- Suda iota.75, (Ἴβηρες):^[1]
  ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλη Ἰβηρία ἡ Ἑσπερία, ἡ καὶ Ἱσπανία λεγομένη.
  ésti dè kaì állē Ibēría hē Hespería, hē kaì Hispanía legoménē.
  2005 translation by Kostas Zafeiris
  There is also another Iberia, the Western [or, Hesperia], which is also called Spain.
- Suda iota.678, (Ἱσπανία):^[2]
  χώρα. ἣ καὶ Ἰβηρία καὶ Ἑσπερία καλεῖται.
  khṓra. hḕ kaì Ibēría kaì Hespería kaleîtai.
  2003 translation by David Whitehead
  A territory. The one also called Iberia and Hesperia.

Declension

First declension of ἡ Ἑσπερῐ́ᾱ; τῆς Ἑσπερῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ Ἑσπερῐ́ᾱ hē Hesperĭ́ā
Genitive	τῆς Ἑσπερῐ́ᾱς tês Hesperĭ́ās
Dative	τῇ Ἑσπερῐ́ᾳ tēî Hesperĭ́āi
Accusative	τὴν Ἑσπερῐ́ᾱν tḕn Hesperĭ́ān
Vocative	Ἑσπερῐ́ᾱ Hesperĭ́ā
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

→ Latin: Hesperia