ἐλάω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Disputed. According to the LIV, perhaps a back-formation from ἤλασα (ḗlasa), the aorist of ἐλαύνω (elaúnō).^[1] However, Sihler suggests that it may be interpreted as a ye-present to a Proto-Indo-European root of the shape *elh₂-.^[2]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /e.lá.ɔː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eˈla.o/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eˈla.o/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eˈla.o/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eˈla.o/

Verb

ἐλᾰ́ω • (elắō)

(rare, poetic) alternative form of ἐλαύνω (elaúnō)

Conjugation

Present: ἐλᾰ́ω, ἐλᾰ́ομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐλᾰ́ω	ἐλᾰ́εις	ἐλᾰ́ει	ἐλᾰ́ετον	ἐλᾰ́ετον	ἐλᾰ́ομεν	ἐλᾰ́ετε	ἐλᾰ́ουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐλᾰ́ω	ἐλᾰ́ῃς	ἐλᾰ́ῃ	ἐλᾰ́ητον	ἐλᾰ́ητον	ἐλᾰ́ωμεν	ἐλᾰ́ητε	ἐλᾰ́ωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐλᾰ́οιμῐ	ἐλᾰ́οις	ἐλᾰ́οι	ἐλᾰ́οιτον	ἐλᾰοίτην	ἐλᾰ́οιμεν	ἐλᾰ́οιτε	ἐλᾰ́οιεν
	imperative		ἔλᾰε	ἐλᾰέτω	ἐλᾰ́ετον	ἐλᾰέτων		ἐλᾰ́ετε	ἐλᾰόντων
middle/passive	indicative	ἐλᾰ́ομαι	ἐλᾰ́ῃ, ἐλᾰ́ει	ἐλᾰ́εται	ἐλᾰ́εσθον	ἐλᾰ́εσθον	ἐλᾰόμεθᾰ	ἐλᾰ́εσθε	ἐλᾰ́ονται
	subjunctive	ἐλᾰ́ωμαι	ἐλᾰ́ῃ	ἐλᾰ́ηται	ἐλᾰ́ησθον	ἐλᾰ́ησθον	ἐλᾰώμεθᾰ	ἐλᾰ́ησθε	ἐλᾰ́ωνται
	optative	ἐλᾰοίμην	ἐλᾰ́οιο	ἐλᾰ́οιτο	ἐλᾰ́οισθον	ἐλᾰοίσθην	ἐλᾰοίμεθᾰ	ἐλᾰ́οισθε	ἐλᾰ́οιντο
	imperative		ἐλᾰ́ου	ἐλᾰέσθω	ἐλᾰ́εσθον	ἐλᾰέσθων		ἐλᾰ́εσθε	ἐλᾰέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἐλᾰ́ειν				ἐλᾰ́εσθαι
participle	m	ἐλᾰ́ων				ἐλᾰόμενος
	f	ἐλᾰ́ουσᾰ				ἐλᾰομένη
	n	ἐλᾰ́ον				ἐλᾰόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present: ἐλῶ, ἐλῶμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐλῶ	ἐλᾷς	ἐλᾷ	ἐλᾶτον	ἐλᾶτον	ἐλῶμεν	ἐλᾶτε	ἐλῶσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐλῶ	ἐλᾷς	ἐλᾷ	ἐλᾶτον	ἐλᾶτον	ἐλῶμεν	ἐλᾶτε	ἐλῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐλῴην, ἐλῷμῐ	ἐλῴης, ἐλῷς	ἐλῴη, ἐλῷ	ἐλῷτον, ἐλῴητον	ἐλῴτην, ἐλῳήτην	ἐλῷμεν, ἐλῴημεν	ἐλῷτε, ἐλῴητε	ἐλῷεν, ἐλῴησᾰν
	imperative		ἔλᾱ	ἐλᾱ́τω	ἐλᾶτον	ἐλᾱ́των		ἐλᾶτε	ἐλώντων
middle/passive	indicative	ἐλῶμαι	ἐλᾷ	ἐλᾶται	ἐλᾶσθον	ἐλᾶσθον	ἐλώμεθᾰ	ἐλᾶσθε	ἐλῶνται
	subjunctive	ἐλῶμαι	ἐλᾷ	ἐλᾶται	ἐλᾶσθον	ἐλᾶσθον	ἐλώμεθᾰ	ἐλᾶσθε	ἐλῶνται
	optative	ἐλῴμην	ἐλῷο	ἐλῷτο	ἐλῷσθον	ἐλῴσθην	ἐλῴμεθᾰ	ἐλῷσθε	ἐλῷντο
	imperative		ἐλῶ	ἐλᾱ́σθω	ἐλᾶσθον	ἐλᾱ́σθων		ἐλᾶσθε	ἐλᾱ́σθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἐλᾶν				ἐλᾶσθαι
participle	m	ἐλῶν				ἐλώμενος
	f	ἐλῶσᾰ				ἐλωμένη
	n	ἐλῶν				ἐλώμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἔλᾰον, ἐλᾰόμην (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔλᾰον	ἔλᾰες	ἔλᾰε(ν)	ἐλᾰ́ετον	ἐλᾰέτην	ἐλᾰ́ομεν	ἐλᾰ́ετε	ἔλᾰον
middle/passive	indicative	ἐλᾰόμην	ἐλᾰ́ου	ἐλᾰ́ετο	ἐλᾰ́εσθον	ἐλᾰέσθην	ἐλᾰόμεθᾰ	ἐλᾰ́εσθε	ἐλᾰ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἔλων, ἐλώμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔλων	ἔλᾱς	ἔλᾱ	ἐλᾶτον	ἐλᾱ́την	ἐλῶμεν	ἐλᾶτε	ἔλων
middle/passive	indicative	ἐλώμην	ἐλῶ	ἐλᾶτο	ἐλᾶσθον	ἐλᾱ́σθην	ἐλώμεθᾰ	ἐλᾶσθε	ἐλῶντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἐλάασκον, ἐλαασκόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐλάασκον	ἐλάασκες	ἐλάασκε(ν)	ἐλαάσκετον	ἐλαασκέτην	ἐλαάσκομεν	ἐλαάσκετε	ἐλάασκον
middle/passive	indicative	ἐλαασκόμην	ἐλαάσκου	ἐλαάσκετο	ἐλαάσκεσθον	ἐλαασκέσθην	ἐλαασκόμεθᾰ	ἐλαάσκεσθε	ἐλαάσκοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: ἐλάσω, ἐλάσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐλάσω	ἐλάσεις	ἐλάσει	ἐλάσετον	ἐλάσετον	ἐλάσομεν	ἐλάσετε	ἐλάσουσῐ(ν)
active	optative	ἐλάσοιμῐ	ἐλάσοις	ἐλάσοι	ἐλάσοιτον	ἐλασοίτην	ἐλάσοιμεν	ἐλάσοιτε	ἐλάσοιεν
middle	indicative	ἐλάσομαι	ἐλάσῃ, ἐλάσει	ἐλάσεται	ἐλάσεσθον	ἐλάσεσθον	ἐλασόμεθᾰ	ἐλάσεσθε	ἐλάσονται
middle	optative	ἐλασοίμην	ἐλάσοιο	ἐλάσοιτο	ἐλάσοισθον	ἐλασοίσθην	ἐλασοίμεθᾰ	ἐλάσοισθε	ἐλάσοιντο
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐλάσειν			ἐλάσεσθαι
participle	m	ἐλάσων			ἐλασόμενος
	f	ἐλάσουσᾰ			ἐλασομένη
	n	ἐλᾶσον			ἐλασόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Usage notes

The Epic infinitive form ἐλάᾱν (eláān) is attested.

References

^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₁elh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 235
^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 518

“ἐλάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἐλάω”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
“ἐλάω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἐλάω in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἐλάω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
ἐλάω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἐλαύνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 401-402

[LIV-1] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₁elh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 235

[Sihler-2] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 518

[1]

[2]