Ἀρέτας

Ancient Greek

See also: Aretas and Arétas

Etymology

Borrowed from Nabataean Aramaic 𐢊𐢛𐢞𐢞 (ḥrtt). Possibly from Proto-Semitic *ḥaraṯ-, which would make it cognate with Hebrew חרש (ħaráš), and with the Arabic personal name حَارِث (ḥāriṯ), understood as from حَرَثَ (ḥaraṯa, “to plow”), perhaps referring to the king as a “provider” of abundance.

Pronunciation

 

Proper noun

Ἀρέτας • (Arétas) m (genitive Ἀρέτα); first declension

  1. Aretas, the name of various kings of the Nabataeans

Declension

First declension of ὁ Ἀρέτᾱς; τοῦ Ἀρέτᾱ (Doric)
Case / # Singular
Nominative ὁ Ἀρέτᾱς
ho Arétās
Genitive τοῦ Ἀρέτᾱ
toû Arétā
Dative τῷ Ἀρέτᾳ
tōî Arétāi
Accusative τὸν Ἀρέτᾱν
tòn Arétān
Vocative Ἀρέτᾱ
Arétā
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
  • The genitive form Ἀρέτα appears:
  1. As a possessive in Strabo's Geography (Str. 16. 4. 24):
    • διόπερ πολλαῖς ἡμέραις ἧκεν εἰς τὴν Ἀρέτα γῆν συγγενοῦς τῷ Ὀβόδᾳ·
      On account of this, for many days he kept going to the land of Aretas who is related to Obodas...
  2. In the New Testament, 2 Corinthians 11:32 (2 Cor 11:32):
    • ἐν Δαμασκῷ ὁ ἐθνάρχης Ἁρέτα τοῦ βασιλέως ἐφρούρει τὴν Δαμασκηνῶν πόλιν πιάσαι με θέλων·
      In Damascus the governor (ethnarch) of king Aretas garrisons the city of the Damascenes, eager to arrest me.
  3. In a genitive absolute in Appian's The Mithridatic Wars (App. Mith. 106):
    • ἐπολέμησε δὲ καὶ Ἄραψι τοῖς Ναβαταίοις, Ἀρέτα βασιλεύοντος αὐτῶν, καὶ Ἰουδαίοις, Ἀριστοβούλου τοῦ βασιλέως ἀποστάντος...
      He waged war with the Arab Nabataeans, while Aretas was ruling them, and the Judaeans, after Aristoboulus was deposed...
  4. In various places in Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews (AJ 16.339, 16.355, 17.54, 18.109-111, 18.115).

Descendants

  • Latin: Aretas
  • English: Aretas

Further reading

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