ἁπαλός

See also: απαλός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unknown, though of similar formation to ὁμᾰλός (homălós, “even, level”) and ἀτᾰλός (atălós, “tender, shaking”). Furnée prefers to compare the term with ἀμᾰλός (amălós, “soft, bland”), assuming variation μ/π.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ha.pa.lós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)a.paˈlos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.paˈlos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.paˈlos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.paˈlos/

Adjective

ἁπᾰλός • (hapălós) m (feminine ἁπᾰλή, neuter ἁπᾰλόν); first/second declension

soft to the touch, tender
Synonym: μαλακός (malakós)
(figuratively) delicate, gentle
(in bad sense) soft, weak

Inflection

First and second declension of ἁπᾰλός; ἁπᾰλή; ἁπᾰλόν (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ἁπᾰλός hapălós	ἁπᾰλή hapălḗ	ἁπᾰλόν hapălón	ἁπᾰλώ hapălṓ	ἁπᾰλᾱ́ hapălā́	ἁπᾰλώ hapălṓ	ἁπᾰλοί hapăloí	ἁπᾰλαί hapălaí	ἁπᾰλᾰ́ hapălắ
Genitive	ἁπᾰλοῦ hapăloû	ἁπᾰλῆς hapălês	ἁπᾰλοῦ hapăloû	ἁπᾰλοῖν hapăloîn	ἁπᾰλαῖν hapălaîn	ἁπᾰλοῖν hapăloîn	ἁπᾰλῶν hapălôn	ἁπᾰλῶν hapălôn	ἁπᾰλῶν hapălôn
Dative	ἁπᾰλῷ hapălōî	ἁπᾰλῇ hapălēî	ἁπᾰλῷ hapălōî	ἁπᾰλοῖν hapăloîn	ἁπᾰλαῖν hapălaîn	ἁπᾰλοῖν hapăloîn	ἁπᾰλοῖς hapăloîs	ἁπᾰλαῖς hapălaîs	ἁπᾰλοῖς hapăloîs
Accusative	ἁπᾰλόν hapălón	ἁπᾰλήν hapălḗn	ἁπᾰλόν hapălón	ἁπᾰλώ hapălṓ	ἁπᾰλᾱ́ hapălā́	ἁπᾰλώ hapălṓ	ἁπᾰλούς hapăloús	ἁπᾰλᾱ́ς hapălā́s	ἁπᾰλᾰ́ hapălắ
Vocative	ἁπᾰλέ hapălé	ἁπᾰλή hapălḗ	ἁπᾰλόν hapălón	ἁπᾰλώ hapălṓ	ἁπᾰλᾱ́ hapălā́	ἁπᾰλώ hapălṓ	ἁπᾰλοί hapăloí	ἁπᾰλαί hapălaí	ἁπᾰλᾰ́ hapălắ
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	ἁπᾰλῶς hapălôs			ἁπᾰλώτερος hapălṓteros			ἁπᾰλώτᾰτος hapălṓtătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἁπαλία (hapalía)
ἁπαλίας (hapalías)
ἁπαλοανθής (hapaloanthḗs)
ἁπαλοάω (hapaloáō)
ἁπαλοβραχής (hapalobrakhḗs)
ἁπαλόθριξ (hapalóthrix)
ἁπαλόθροος (hapalóthroos)
ἁπαλόπαις (hapalópais)
ἁπαλοπάρηος (hapalopárēos)
ἁπαλοπλόκαμος (hapaloplókamos)
ἁπαλόπους (hapalópous)
ἁπαλόσαρκος (hapalósarkos)
ἁπαλόστομος (hapalóstomos)
ἁπαλοσύγκριτος (hapalosúnkritos)
ἁπαλοσώματος (hapalosṓmatos)
ἁπαλότης (hapalótēs)
ἁπαλοτρεφής (hapalotrephḗs)
ἁπαλοφόρος (hapalophóros)
ἁπαλόφρων (hapalóphrōn)
ἁπαλόχροος (hapalókhroos)

Descendants

Greek: απαλός (apalós)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἁπαλός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 113