ἁμαρτία

See also: αμαρτία

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From the root of ἁμαρτάνω (hamartánō, “to miss, fail”) +‎ -ίᾱ (-íā, abstract noun suffix).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ha.mar.tí.aː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)a.marˈti.a/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.marˈti.a/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.marˈti.a/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.marˈti.a/

Noun

ᾰ̔μᾰρτίᾱ • (hămărtíā) f (genitive ᾰ̔μᾰρτίᾱς); first declension (Attic, Koine)

error, mistake, fault, failure
(religion, philosophy) guilt, sin

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́ᾱ; τῆς ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́ᾱ hē hămărtĭ́ā	αἱ ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́αι hai hămărtĭ́ai
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́ᾱς tês hămărtĭ́ās	τῶν ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐῶν tôn hămărtĭôn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́ᾳ tēî hămărtĭ́āi	ταῖς ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́αις taîs hămărtĭ́ais
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́ᾱν tḕn hămărtĭ́ān	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́ᾱς tā̀s hămărtĭ́ās
Vocative	ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́ᾱ hămărtĭ́ā	ᾰ̔μᾰρτῐ́αι hămărtĭ́ai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Greek: αμαρτία (amartía)
→ English: hamartia

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἁμαρτάνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 83: “DER > line 1 > ἁμαρτία 'fault'”

“ἁμαρτία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἁμαρτία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ἁμαρτία in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
ἁμαρτία in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
G266 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- blemish idem, page 83.
- blunder idem, page 86.
- crime idem, page 184.
- defect idem, page 204.
- delinquency idem, page 208.
- error idem, page 281.
- evil idem, page 286.
- failure idem, page 301.
- fault idem, page 310.
- flaw idem, page 326.
- guilt idem, page 378.
- hitch idem, page 401.
- iniquity idem, page 441.
- lapse idem, page 476.
- misapprehension idem, page 532.
- miscalculation idem, page 532.
- misconception idem, page 533.
- misdeed idem, page 533.
- mistake idem, page 535.
- misunderstanding idem, page 536.
- offence idem, page 571.
- oversight idem, page 586.
- sin idem, page 777.
- slip idem, page 784.
- transgression idem, page 888.
- trespass idem, page 893.
- weakness idem, page 970.
- wrong idem, page 994.
ἁμαρτία, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἁμαρτάνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 83: “DER > line 1 > ἁμαρτία 'fault'”

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