ἀψίνθιον

See also: αψίνθιον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • ἄψινθος (ápsinthos), ἀψινθία (apsinthía), ἀψινθή (apsinthḗ), ἀψίνθιν (apsínthin), ἀσπίνθιον (aspínthion)

Etymology

According to Beekes, the cluster -ινθ- (-inth-) suggests a Pre-Greek source, as seen in τέρμινθος (términthos, “terebinth”), ἐρέβινθος (erébinthos, “chickpea”), μίνθη (mínthē, “mint”), ὑάκινθος (huákinthos, “hyacinth”), πλίνθος (plínthos, “brick”), μήρινθος (mḗrinthos, “cord, line”), κήρινθος (kḗrinthos, “bee bread”), and λαβύρινθος (labúrinthos, “labyrinth”).[1][2] Also, the variant ἀσπίνθιον (aspínthion) with /sp/ instead of /ps/ may point to borrowing from Pre-Greek.[3][4] Related to the source of Old Armenian աւշինդր (awšindr, “wormwood”).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

ἀψίνθιον • (apsínthion) n (genitive ἀψινθίου); second declension

  1. wormwood (Artemisia absinthium)
    Synonym: ἀρτεμισίᾱ (artemisíā)
    • c. 370 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.5.1:
      Ἐν τούτῳ δὲ τῷ τόπῳ ἦν μὲν ἡ γῆ πεδίον ἅπαν ὁμαλὲς ὥσπερ θάλαττα, ἀψινθίου δὲ πλῆρες·
      En toútōi dè tōî tópōi ên mèn hē gê pedíon hápan homalès hṓsper thálatta, apsinthíou dè plêres;
      In this region the ground was all a plain, flat like the sea, and full of wormwood.
  2. vermouth, wine spiced by wormwood

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ ἀψίνθιον; τοῦ ἀψινθίου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative τὸ ἀψίνθιον
tò apsínthion 		τὼ ἀψινθίω
tṑ apsinthíō 		τᾰ̀ ἀψίνθιᾰ
tằ apsínthiă
Genitive τοῦ ἀψινθίου
toû apsinthíou 		τοῖν ἀψινθίοιν
toîn apsinthíoin 		τῶν ἀψινθίων
tôn apsinthíōn
Dative τῷ ἀψινθίῳ
tōî apsinthíōi 		τοῖν ἀψινθίοιν
toîn apsinthíoin 		τοῖς ἀψινθίοις
toîs apsinthíois
Accusative τὸ ἀψίνθιον
tò apsínthion 		τὼ ἀψινθίω
tṑ apsinthíō 		τᾰ̀ ἀψίνθιᾰ
tằ apsínthiă
Vocative ἀψίνθιον
apsínthion 		ἀψινθίω
apsinthíō 		ἀψίνθιᾰ
apsínthiă
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • ⇒ Koine Greek: ἀψινθία (apsinthía)
  • Borrowings:
    • → Arabic: أَفْسِنْتِين (ʔafsintīn) (see there for further descendants)
    • → Aramaic:
      Galilean: אפסינתינון (ap̄sinṭīnōn)
      Babylonian: אפסנתין (ap̄sinṭīn)
      Syriac: ܐܦܣܢܬܝܢ (ap̄sinṭīn), ܐܦܣܢܬܝܘܢ (ap̄sinṭiōn)
    • → Greek: αψίνθιον (apsínthion)
    • → Latin: absinthium (see there for further descendants)
    • → Old Georgian: აფსინდი (apsindi), აფსინთი (apsinti)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page xxxviii: “72. -ινθ-(ο-)”
  2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014), Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 37: “81 -ινθ-(ο-)”
  3. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page xxvi: “6a. ψ / σπ, b. ξ / σκ.”
  4. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014), Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 18: “6. a. ψ / σπ, b. ξ / σκ.”

Further reading

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