ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ

• (Arabic script) کیلَن (kylan /⁠kelen⁠/), کیلان (kylʾn /⁠kelen⁠/)
• (Han script) 客連 (kèlián /⁠kelen⁠/), 克勒 (kèlè /⁠kele⁠/)

• ᠬᠡᠯᠡ (kele)

Inherited from Proto-Mongolic *kelen.

ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ (kelen)

1. tongue

• Central Mongolic:
  • Classical Mongolian: ᠬᠡᠯᠡ (kele)
    • Mongolian: хэл (xel)
    • Buryat: хэлэн (xelen)
    • → Manchu: ᡥᡝᠯᡝᠨ (helen, “spy”)
  • Written Oirat:
    • Kalmyk: келн (keln)
• Daur: xely
• Southern Mongolic:
  • East Yugur: kelen
  • Shirongolic:
    • Bonan: kelang, kalang
    • Dongxiang: kielien
    • Kangjia: kilio
    • Monguor:
      • Mangghuer: kelie
      • Mongghul: kilee
• Mogholi: kelan

• D. Tumurtogoo, editor (2006), Mongolian monuments in Uighur-Mongolian script (XIII-XVI centuries) (Language and Linguistics monograph series; A-11), Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, page 441
• Poppe, Nicholas (1938), Mongolʹskij Slovarʹ Mukaddimat al-Adab‎^[1] (in Russian), page 214
• Haenisch, Erich (1939), Wörterbuch zu Mangḥol un Niuca Tobca’an (Yüan-Ch‘ao Pi-Shi) geheime Geschichte der Mongolen [Dictionary of the Secret History of the Mongols] (in German), Leipzig: Otto Harrassowitz, page 97
• Nugteren, Hans (2011), Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎^[2], Utrecht: LOT, page 409
• Sanžejev, G. D.; Orlovskaja, M. N.; Ševernina, Z. V. (2016), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ mongolʹskix jazykov: v 3 t. [Etymological dictionary of Mongolic languages: in 3 vols.] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 115