ต้ม
See also: ติม
Thai
Etymology
From Proto-Tai *tomꟲ (“to boil (transitive)”).[1]
In Southwestern Tai, cognate with Lao ຕົ້ມ (tom), Northern Thai ᨲᩫ᩠᩶ᨾ, Shan တူမ်ႈ (tūum), Phake တ︀ုံ (tuṃ), Ahom 𑜄𑜤𑜉𑜫 (tum).
In Northern Tai, cognate with Zhuang dumq. In Central Tai, cognate with Zuojiang Zhuang doemj.
Compare Proto-Austroasiatic *t₁um ~ *t₁uəm ~ *t₁am ~ *t₁aam ~ *t₁əəm (“to boil; to distil”)[2] (whence Khmer ដាំ (dam, “to boil”)).
Pronunciation
| Orthographic/Phonemic | ต้ม t ˆ m | |
|---|---|---|
| Romanization | Paiboon | dtôm |
| Royal Institute | tom | |
| (standard) IPA(key) | /tom˥˩/(R) | |
Verb
ต้ม • (dtôm) (abstract noun การต้ม)
- (transitive) to boil
- (intransitive, colloquial) to trick; to deceive; to sham (usually used in passive voice)
Derived terms
See also
- (intransitive) เดือด (dʉ̀ʉat, “to boil”)
References
- ^ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai (Doctoral dissertation)[1], Department of Linguistics, Cornell University , page 355
- ^ These forms were reconstructed by Shorto, Harry L.; (eds.) Sidwell, Paul; et al. (2006) A Mon–Khmer Comparative Dictionary. Canberra: Australian National University, Pacific Linguistics, page 369
Further reading
- “ต้ม” in Thai Dictionary Project (TDP) (UC Berkeley 1964) (plus additional data from the Royal Institute of Thailand (RI) and NECTEC's LEXITRON project (LEX)). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.