ข้าวหลาม
Thai
Etymology
From Mon ခလာမ် (həlam, “baked rice in bamboo”),[1] re-analyzed in Thai as ข้าว (kâao, “rice”) + หลาม (lǎam, “overflowing”).
Alternatively, from ข้าว (kâao, “rice”) + a reflex of Proto-Tai *ʰlaːmᴬ (“cooked in bamboo tube”),[2][3] which is in either case possibly related to Mon ခလာမ် (həlam), Khmer ក្រឡាន (krɑlaan), and Vietnamese lam (as in cơm lam).
In Southwestern Tai, cognate with Lao ເຂົ້າຫລາມ (khao lām).
Pronunciation
| Orthographic | ข้าวหลาม kʰ ˆ ā w h l ā m | |
|---|---|---|
| Phonemic | ค่าว-หฺลาม g ˋ ā w – h ̥ l ā m | |
| Romanization | Paiboon | kâao-lǎam |
| Royal Institute | khao-lam | |
| (standard) IPA(key) | /kʰaːw˥˩.laːm˩˩˦/(R) | |
Noun
ข้าวหลาม • (kâao-lǎam)
- cylinder of glutinous rice baked in a joint of thorny bamboo, often with coconut cream topping
References
- ^ แสงเพชร, ศิขรินทร์ [Saengphet, Sikarin] (2007 - 2008) "คำยืมภาษามอญในกฎหมายตราสามดวง [Mon language loanwords in the Three Seals Law]" (in Thai) ภาษาไทยและวัฒนธรรมไทย ๒๑๖ [Thai Language and Thai Culture 216] 1 (2), page 207
- ^ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai (Doctoral dissertation)[1], Department of Linguistics, Cornell University , page 384
- ^ Before Pittayaporn (2009) (ibid.), Proto-Tai *hlaamᴬ¹ was reconstructed by Li, Fangkuei (1977) A Handbook of Comparative Tai, University of Hawaii Press, pages 136 - 137
Further reading
- “ข้าวหลาม” in Thai Dictionary Project (TDP) (UC Berkeley 1964) (plus additional data from the Royal Institute of Thailand (RI) and NECTEC's LEXITRON project (LEX)). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.