सुपार
Sanskrit
FWOTD – 30 June 2022
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- সুপাৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬲᬸᬧᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
- সুপার (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰲𑰢𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑀼𑀧𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- သုပါရ (Burmese script)
- સુપાર (Gujarati script)
- ਸੁਪਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑍁𑌪𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦱꦸꦥꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂳𑂣𑂰𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ಸುಪಾರ (Kannada script)
- សុបារ (Khmer script)
- ສຸປາຣ (Lao script)
- സുപാര (Malayalam script)
- ᠰᡠᢒᠠ᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘳𑘢𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠰᠤᢒᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑧔𑧂𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑐸𑐥𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
- ସୁପାର (Odia script)
- ꢱꢸꢦꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑆶𑆥𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖲𑖢𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
- සුපාර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁𑩒𑩰𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚰𑚞𑚭𑚤 (Takri script)
- ஸுபார (Tamil script)
- సుపార (Telugu script)
- สุปาร (Thai script)
- སུ་པཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑒳𑒣𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑨃𑨞𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From सु- (su-, “good, easy”) + पार (pāra, “crossing, bringing across; opposite side; end or limit, utmost limit, fullest extend”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /su.pɑː.ɾɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /s̪u.pɑː.ɾɐ/
Adjective
सु॒पा॒र • (supārá) stem
- easy to be crossed or traversed
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.96.1:
- अस्मा उषास आतिरन्त याममिन्द्राय नक्तमूर्म्याः सुवाचः ।
अस्मा आपो मातरः सप्त तस्थुर्नृभ्यस्तराय सिन्धवः सुपाराः ॥- asmā uṣāsa ātiranta yāmamindrāya naktamūrmyāḥ suvācaḥ.
asmā āpo mātaraḥ sapta tasthurnṛbhyastarāya sindhavaḥ supārāḥ. - For him, the dawns prolonged their rising; for Indra, the nights uttered auspicious voices by night;
for him, the waters, the seven water mothers, stood, easy to be crossed by men.
- asmā uṣāsa ātiranta yāmamindrāya naktamūrmyāḥ suvācaḥ.
- अस्मा उषास आतिरन्त याममिन्द्राय नक्तमूर्म्याः सुवाचः ।
- passing quickly (of rain)
- leading to prosperity or success; leading away from distress
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.47.7:
- इन्द्र प्र णः पुरएतेव पश्य प्र नो नय प्रतरं वस्यो अच्छ ।
भवा सुपारो अतिपारयो नो भवा सुनीतिरुत वामनीतिः ॥- indra pra ṇaḥ puraeteva paśya pra no naya prataraṃ vasyo accha.
bhavā supāro atipārayo no bhavā sunītiruta vāmanītiḥ. - Look out for us, O Indra, as our Leader, and guide us on to gain yet goodlier treasure.
Excellent Guardian, bear us well through peril, and lead us on to wealth with careful guidance.
- indra pra ṇaḥ puraeteva paśya pra no naya prataraṃ vasyo accha.
- इन्द्र प्र णः पुरएतेव पश्य प्र नो नय प्रतरं वस्यो अच्छ ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | सु॒पा॒रः (supāráḥ) | सु॒पा॒रौ (supāráu) सु॒पा॒रा¹ (supārā́¹) |
सु॒पा॒राः (supārā́ḥ) सु॒पा॒रासः॑¹ (supārā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | सु॒पा॒रम् (supārám) | सु॒पा॒रौ (supāráu) सु॒पा॒रा¹ (supārā́¹) |
सु॒पा॒रान् (supārā́n) |
| instrumental | सु॒पा॒रेण॑ (supāréṇa) | सु॒पा॒राभ्या॑म् (supārā́bhyām) | सु॒पा॒रैः (supāráiḥ) सु॒पा॒रेभिः॑¹ (supārébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | सु॒पा॒राय॑ (supārā́ya) | सु॒पा॒राभ्या॑म् (supārā́bhyām) | सु॒पा॒रेभ्यः॑ (supārébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | सु॒पा॒रात् (supārā́t) | सु॒पा॒राभ्या॑म् (supārā́bhyām) | सु॒पा॒रेभ्यः॑ (supārébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | सु॒पा॒रस्य॑ (supārásya) | सु॒पा॒रयोः॑ (supāráyoḥ) | सु॒पा॒राणा॑म् (supārā́ṇām) |
| locative | सु॒पा॒रे (supāré) | सु॒पा॒रयोः॑ (supāráyoḥ) | सु॒पा॒रेषु॑ (supāréṣu) |
| vocative | सुपा॑र (súpāra) | सुपा॑रौ (súpārau) सुपा॑रा¹ (súpārā¹) |
सुपा॑राः (súpārāḥ) सुपा॑रासः¹ (súpārāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | सु॒पा॒रा (supārā́) | सु॒पा॒रे (supāré) | सु॒पा॒राः (supārā́ḥ) |
| accusative | सु॒पा॒राम् (supārā́m) | सु॒पा॒रे (supāré) | सु॒पा॒राः (supārā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | सु॒पा॒रया॑ (supāráyā) सु॒पा॒रा¹ (supārā́¹) |
सु॒पा॒राभ्या॑म् (supārā́bhyām) | सु॒पा॒राभिः॑ (supārā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | सु॒पा॒रायै॑ (supārā́yai) | सु॒पा॒राभ्या॑म् (supārā́bhyām) | सु॒पा॒राभ्यः॑ (supārā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | सु॒पा॒रायाः॑ (supārā́yāḥ) सु॒पा॒रायै॑² (supārā́yai²) |
सु॒पा॒राभ्या॑म् (supārā́bhyām) | सु॒पा॒राभ्यः॑ (supārā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | सु॒पा॒रायाः॑ (supārā́yāḥ) सु॒पा॒रायै॑² (supārā́yai²) |
सु॒पा॒रयोः॑ (supāráyoḥ) | सु॒पा॒राणा॑म् (supārā́ṇām) |
| locative | सु॒पा॒राया॑म् (supārā́yām) | सु॒पा॒रयोः॑ (supāráyoḥ) | सु॒पा॒रासु॑ (supārā́su) |
| vocative | सुपा॑रे (súpāre) | सुपा॑रे (súpāre) | सुपा॑राः (súpārāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | सु॒पा॒रम् (supārám) | सु॒पा॒रे (supāré) | सु॒पा॒राणि॑ (supārā́ṇi) सु॒पा॒रा¹ (supārā́¹) |
| accusative | सु॒पा॒रम् (supārám) | सु॒पा॒रे (supāré) | सु॒पा॒राणि॑ (supārā́ṇi) सु॒पा॒रा¹ (supārā́¹) |
| instrumental | सु॒पा॒रेण॑ (supāréṇa) | सु॒पा॒राभ्या॑म् (supārā́bhyām) | सु॒पा॒रैः (supāráiḥ) सु॒पा॒रेभिः॑¹ (supārébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | सु॒पा॒राय॑ (supārā́ya) | सु॒पा॒राभ्या॑म् (supārā́bhyām) | सु॒पा॒रेभ्यः॑ (supārébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | सु॒पा॒रात् (supārā́t) | सु॒पा॒राभ्या॑म् (supārā́bhyām) | सु॒पा॒रेभ्यः॑ (supārébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | सु॒पा॒रस्य॑ (supārásya) | सु॒पा॒रयोः॑ (supāráyoḥ) | सु॒पा॒राणा॑म् (supārā́ṇām) |
| locative | सु॒पा॒रे (supāré) | सु॒पा॒रयोः॑ (supāráyoḥ) | सु॒पा॒रेषु॑ (supāréṣu) |
| vocative | सुपा॑र (súpāra) | सुपा॑रे (súpāre) | सुपा॑राणि (súpārāṇi) सुपा॑रा¹ (súpārā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “सुपार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1228, column 1.