श्वश्रू
See also: श्वशुर
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- শ্বশ্ৰূ (Assamese script)
- ᬰ᭄ᬯᬰ᭄ᬭᬹ (Balinese script)
- শ্বশ্রূ (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰿𑰪𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰳 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑁆𑀯𑀰𑁆𑀭𑀽 (Brahmi script)
- ၐွၐြူ (Burmese script)
- શ્વશ્રૂ (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼੍ਵਸ਼੍ਰੂ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑍍𑌵𑌶𑍍𑌰𑍂 (Grantha script)
- ꦯ꧀ꦮꦯꦿꦹ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂹𑂫𑂬𑂹𑂩𑂴 (Kaithi script)
- ಶ್ವಶ್ರೂ (Kannada script)
- ឝ្វឝ្រូ (Khmer script)
- ຨ຺ວຨ຺ຣູ (Lao script)
- ശ്വശ്രൂ (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᠣᠸᠠᡧᡵᡠᡠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘿𑘪𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘴 (Modi script)
- ᠱᢦᠱᠷᠤᠤ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑧠𑧊𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧕 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑑂𑐰𑐱𑑂𑐬𑐹 (Newa script)
- ଶ୍ଵଶ୍ରୂ (Odia script)
- ꢯ꣄ꢮꢯ꣄ꢬꢹ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑇀𑆮𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆷 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖿𑖪𑖫𑖿𑖨𑖳 (Siddham script)
- ශ්වශ්රූ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿 𑪙𑩾𑩿 𑪙𑩼𑩒𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚶𑚦𑚧𑚶𑚤𑚱 (Takri script)
- ஶ்வஶ்ரூ (Tamil script)
- శ్వశ్రూ (Telugu script)
- ศฺวศฺรู (Thai script)
- ཤྭ་ཤྲཱུ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒴 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑩇𑨭𑨮𑩇𑨫𑨃𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂, from *swéḱuros. Cognate with Latin socrus, Old Armenian սկեսուր (skesur), Ancient Greek ἑκυρά (hekurá).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɕʋɐɕ.ɾúː/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɕʋɐɕ.ɾuː/
Noun
श्व॒श्रू • (śvaśrū́) stem, f (masculine श्वशुर)
- a mother-in-law (either the wife's or the husband's mother)
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.34.3:
- द्वेष्टि॑ श्व॒श्रूर् अप॑ जा॒या रु॑णद्धि॒ न ना॑थि॒तो वि॑न्दते मर्डि॒तार॑म् ।
अश्व॑स्येव॒ जर॑तो॒ वस्न्य॑स्य॒ नाहं वि॑न्दामि कित॒वस्य॒ भोग॑म् ॥- dvéṣṭi śvaśrū́r ápa jāyā́ ruṇaddhi ná nāthitó vindate marḍitā́ram.
áśvasyeva járato vásnyasya nā́háṃ vindāmi kitavásya bhógam. - [Due to my gambling addiction,] My wife holds me aloof; my mother-in-law hates me: the wretched man finds none to give him comfort.
My gambling habit is like a costly horse grown old and feeble: I find no profit in it.
- dvéṣṭi śvaśrū́r ápa jāyā́ ruṇaddhi ná nāthitó vindate marḍitā́ram.
- द्वेष्टि॑ श्व॒श्रूर् अप॑ जा॒या रु॑णद्धि॒ न ना॑थि॒तो वि॑न्दते मर्डि॒तार॑म् ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | श्व॒श्रूः (śvaśrū́ḥ) | श्व॒श्र्वौ॑ (śvaśrvàu) श्व॒श्रू¹ (śvaśrū́¹) |
श्व॒श्र्वः॑ (śvaśrvàḥ) श्व॒श्रूः¹ (śvaśrū́ḥ¹) |
| accusative | श्व॒श्रूम् (śvaśrū́m) | श्व॒श्र्वौ॑ (śvaśrvàu) श्व॒श्रू¹ (śvaśrū́¹) |
श्व॒श्रूः (śvaśrū́ḥ) |
| instrumental | श्व॒श्र्वा (śvaśrvā́) | श्व॒श्रूभ्या॑म् (śvaśrū́bhyām) | श्व॒श्रूभिः॑ (śvaśrū́bhiḥ) |
| dative | श्व॒श्र्वै (śvaśrvái) | श्व॒श्रूभ्या॑म् (śvaśrū́bhyām) | श्व॒श्रूभ्यः॑ (śvaśrū́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | श्व॒श्र्वाः (śvaśrvā́ḥ) श्व॒श्र्वै² (śvaśrvái²) |
श्व॒श्रूभ्या॑म् (śvaśrū́bhyām) | श्व॒श्रूभ्यः॑ (śvaśrū́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | श्व॒श्र्वाः (śvaśrvā́ḥ) श्व॒श्र्वै² (śvaśrvái²) |
श्व॒श्र्वोः (śvaśrvóḥ) | श्व॒श्रूणा॑म् (śvaśrū́ṇām) |
| locative | श्व॒श्र्वाम् (śvaśrvā́m) | श्व॒श्र्वोः (śvaśrvóḥ) | श्व॒श्रूषु॑ (śvaśrū́ṣu) |
| vocative | श्वश्रु॑ (śváśru) | श्वश्र्वौ॑ (śváśrvau) श्वश्रू॑¹ (śváśrū¹) |
श्वश्र्वः॑ (śváśrvaḥ) श्वश्रूः॑¹ (śváśrūḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Descendants
Inherited
Borrowed
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “श्वश्रू”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1105, column 3.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “śváśura-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 675-676
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “śvaśrū́”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 739