शिशिर
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शिशिर (śiśira).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /ʃɪ.ʃɪɾ/
Noun
शिशिर • (śiśir) m
Further reading
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “शिशिर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Nepali
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शिशिर (śiśira).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [sisiɾʌ]
- Phonetic Devanagari: सिसिर्
Noun
शिशिर • (śiśira)
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- শিশিৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬰᬶᬰᬶᬭ (Balinese script)
- শিশির (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰰𑰫𑰰𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀺𑀰𑀺𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- ၐိၐိရ (Burmese script)
- શિશિર (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ਿਸ਼ਿਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑌿𑌶𑌿𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦶꦯꦶꦫ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂱𑂬𑂱𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ಶಿಶಿರ (Kannada script)
- ឝិឝិរ (Khmer script)
- ຨິຨິຣ (Lao script)
- ശിശിര (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᡳᡧᡳᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘱𑘫𑘱𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠢᠱᠢᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑧒𑧋𑧒𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐶𑐱𑐶𑐬 (Newa script)
- ଶିଶିର (Odia script)
- ꢯꢶꢯꢶꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆴𑆯𑆴𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖰𑖫𑖰𑖨 (Siddham script)
- ශිශිර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿𑩑𑩿𑩑𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚮𑚧𑚮𑚤 (Takri script)
- ஶிஶிர (Tamil script)
- శిశిర (Telugu script)
- ศิศิร (Thai script)
- ཤི་ཤི་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒱𑒬𑒱𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑨁𑨮𑨁𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
A reduplicative formation, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ći-ćiH-ra- or *ći-ćr̥H-a-. In the former case, the word would be related to श्यै (śyai, “to freeze”), while in the latter case, it would be derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelH- (“warm, cold”), and thus be cognate with Persian سرد (sard, “cold”) and Lithuanian šáltas (“cold”). Probably also cognate with Old Armenian սառն (saṙn).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɕí.ɕi.ɾɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɕi.ɕi.ɾɐ/
Adjective
शिशि॑र • (śíśira) stem
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शिशि॑रः (śíśiraḥ) | शिशि॑रौ (śíśirau) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
शिशि॑राः (śíśirāḥ) शिशि॑रासः¹ (śíśirāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | शिशि॑रम् (śíśiram) | शिशि॑रौ (śíśirau) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
शिशि॑रान् (śíśirān) |
| instrumental | शिशि॑रेण (śíśireṇa) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रैः (śíśiraiḥ) शिशि॑रेभिः¹ (śíśirebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शिशि॑राय (śíśirāya) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रेभ्यः (śíśirebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शिशि॑रात् (śíśirāt) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रेभ्यः (śíśirebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शिशि॑रस्य (śíśirasya) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑राणाम् (śíśirāṇām) |
| locative | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑रेषु (śíśireṣu) |
| vocative | शिशि॑र (śíśira) | शिशि॑रौ (śíśirau) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
शिशि॑राः (śíśirāḥ) शिशि॑रासः¹ (śíśirāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शिशि॑रा (śíśirā) | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑राः (śíśirāḥ) |
| accusative | शिशि॑राम् (śíśirām) | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑राः (śíśirāḥ) |
| instrumental | शिशि॑रया (śíśirayā) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑राभिः (śíśirābhiḥ) |
| dative | शिशि॑रायै (śíśirāyai) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑राभ्यः (śíśirābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शिशि॑रायाः (śíśirāyāḥ) शिशि॑रायै² (śíśirāyai²) |
शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑राभ्यः (śíśirābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शिशि॑रायाः (śíśirāyāḥ) शिशि॑रायै² (śíśirāyai²) |
शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑राणाम् (śíśirāṇām) |
| locative | शिशि॑रायाम् (śíśirāyām) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑रासु (śíśirāsu) |
| vocative | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑राः (śíśirāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शिशि॑रम् (śíśiram) | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑राणि (śíśirāṇi) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
| accusative | शिशि॑रम् (śíśiram) | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑राणि (śíśirāṇi) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
| instrumental | शिशि॑रेण (śíśireṇa) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रैः (śíśiraiḥ) शिशि॑रेभिः¹ (śíśirebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शिशि॑राय (śíśirāya) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रेभ्यः (śíśirebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शिशि॑रात् (śíśirāt) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रेभ्यः (śíśirebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शिशि॑रस्य (śíśirasya) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑राणाम् (śíśirāṇām) |
| locative | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑रेषु (śíśireṣu) |
| vocative | शिशि॑र (śíśira) | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑राणि (śíśirāṇi) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
शिशि॑र • (śíśira) stem, m or n
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शिशि॑रः (śíśiraḥ) | शिशि॑रौ (śíśirau) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
शिशि॑राः (śíśirāḥ) शिशि॑रासः¹ (śíśirāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | शिशि॑रम् (śíśiram) | शिशि॑रौ (śíśirau) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
शिशि॑रान् (śíśirān) |
| instrumental | शिशि॑रेण (śíśireṇa) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रैः (śíśiraiḥ) शिशि॑रेभिः¹ (śíśirebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शिशि॑राय (śíśirāya) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रेभ्यः (śíśirebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शिशि॑रात् (śíśirāt) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रेभ्यः (śíśirebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शिशि॑रस्य (śíśirasya) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑राणाम् (śíśirāṇām) |
| locative | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑रेषु (śíśireṣu) |
| vocative | शिशि॑र (śíśira) | शिशि॑रौ (śíśirau) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
शिशि॑राः (śíśirāḥ) शिशि॑रासः¹ (śíśirāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शिशि॑रम् (śíśiram) | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑राणि (śíśirāṇi) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
| accusative | शिशि॑रम् (śíśiram) | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑राणि (śíśirāṇi) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
| instrumental | शिशि॑रेण (śíśireṇa) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रैः (śíśiraiḥ) शिशि॑रेभिः¹ (śíśirebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शिशि॑राय (śíśirāya) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रेभ्यः (śíśirebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शिशि॑रात् (śíśirāt) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रेभ्यः (śíśirebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शिशि॑रस्य (śíśirasya) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑राणाम् (śíśirāṇām) |
| locative | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑रेषु (śíśireṣu) |
| vocative | शिशि॑र (śíśira) | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑राणि (śíśirāṇi) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
शिशि॑र • (śíśira) stem, m
- the cool or dewy season (comprising two months, माघ and फाल्गुन, or from about the middle of January to that of March)
- name of the seventh month of the year
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शिशि॑रः (śíśiraḥ) | शिशि॑रौ (śíśirau) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
शिशि॑राः (śíśirāḥ) शिशि॑रासः¹ (śíśirāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | शिशि॑रम् (śíśiram) | शिशि॑रौ (śíśirau) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
शिशि॑रान् (śíśirān) |
| instrumental | शिशि॑रेण (śíśireṇa) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रैः (śíśiraiḥ) शिशि॑रेभिः¹ (śíśirebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शिशि॑राय (śíśirāya) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रेभ्यः (śíśirebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शिशि॑रात् (śíśirāt) | शिशि॑राभ्याम् (śíśirābhyām) | शिशि॑रेभ्यः (śíśirebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शिशि॑रस्य (śíśirasya) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑राणाम् (śíśirāṇām) |
| locative | शिशि॑रे (śíśire) | शिशि॑रयोः (śíśirayoḥ) | शिशि॑रेषु (śíśireṣu) |
| vocative | शिशि॑र (śíśira) | शिशि॑रौ (śíśirau) शिशि॑रा¹ (śíśirā¹) |
शिशि॑राः (śíśirāḥ) शिशि॑रासः¹ (śíśirāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Pali: sisira
- Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sisira)
Borrowed terms
- → Hindustani: śiśir
- Hindi: शिशिर (śiśir)
- Urdu: شیشِر (śeśir)
- → Nepali: शिशिर (śiśira) (learned)
- → Sinhalese: සිසිර (sisira) (learned)
- → Telugu: శిశిరము (śiśiramu)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “शिशिर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1076, column 1.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 641
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “śíśira”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 722
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “śiśira”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.