शरण

See also: सरण, श्रेणी, and श्रोणि

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शरण (śaraṇá).

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʃə.ɾəɳ/, [ʃɐ.ɾɐ̃ɳ]

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇ) f (Urdu spelling شرن)

shelter, refuge
हमने छत के नीचे शरण ली।
hamne chat ke nīce śaraṇ lī.
We took shelter under the roof.

Declension

Declension of *शरण* (fem cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	शरण śaraṇ	शरणें śaraṇẽ
oblique	शरण śaraṇ	शरणों śaraṇõ
vocative	शरण śaraṇ	शरणो śaraṇo

References

Bahri, Hardev (1989), “शरण”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

শৰণ (Assamese script)
ᬰᬭᬡ (Balinese script)
শরণ (Bengali script)
𑰫𑰨𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀰𑀭𑀡 (Brahmi script)
ၐရဏ (Burmese script)
શરણ (Gujarati script)
ਸ਼ਰਣ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌶𑌰𑌣 (Grantha script)
ꦯꦫꦟ (Javanese script)
𑂬𑂩𑂝 (Kaithi script)
ಶರಣ (Kannada script)
ឝរណ (Khmer script)
ຨຣຓ (Lao script)
ശരണ (Malayalam script)
ᡧᠠᡵᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘫𑘨𑘜 (Modi script)
ᠱᠠᠷᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧋𑧈𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
𑐱𑐬𑐞 (Newa script)
ଶରଣ (Odia script)
ꢯꢬꢠ (Saurashtra script)
𑆯𑆫𑆟 (Sharada script)
𑖫𑖨𑖜 (Siddham script)
ශරණ (Sinhalese script)
𑩿𑩼𑩪 (Soyombo script)
𑚧𑚤𑚘 (Takri script)
ஶரண (Tamil script)
శరణ (Telugu script)
ศรณ (Thai script)
ཤ་ར་ཎ (Tibetan script)
𑒬𑒩𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
𑨮𑨫𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćaranás

Proto-Indo-Aryan *śaranás

Sanskrit श॒र॒ण

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *śaranás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćaranás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, conceal”). Cognate with Latin color, Proto-Germanic *helmaz (whence English helmet, also partially derived from Old French). Compare also English color, a word derived from Latin.

Adjective

श॒र॒ण • (śaraṇá) stem

protecting, guarding, defending

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शरण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शरणः (śaraṇaḥ)	शरणौ (śaraṇau)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणौ (śaraṇau)	शरणान् (śaraṇān)
instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇena)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaiḥ)
dative	शरणाय (śaraṇāya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇāt)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
locative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇeṣu)
vocative	शरण (śaraṇa)	शरणौ (śaraṇau)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)

Feminine ā-stem declension of शरण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शरणा (śaraṇā)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
accusative	शरणाम् (śaraṇām)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
instrumental	शरणया (śaraṇayā)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणाभिः (śaraṇābhiḥ)
dative	शरणायै (śaraṇāyai)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणाभ्यः (śaraṇābhyaḥ)
ablative	शरणायाः (śaraṇāyāḥ)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणाभ्यः (śaraṇābhyaḥ)
genitive	शरणायाः (śaraṇāyāḥ)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
locative	शरणायाम् (śaraṇāyām)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणासु (śaraṇāsu)
vocative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)

Neuter a-stem declension of **शरण**
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni)
accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni)
instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇena)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaiḥ)
dative	शरणाय (śaraṇāya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇāt)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
locative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇeṣu)
vocative	शरण (śaraṇa)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni)

Proper noun

शरण • (śaraṇa) stem, m

name of a serpent-demon
name of a poet
name of a king

Noun

श॒र॒ण • (śaraṇá) stem, n

shelter, place of shelter or refuge or rest, hut, house, habitation, abode, lair (of an animal), home, asylum
refuge, protection, refuge with
śaraṇaṃ √gam or √yā or √i etc — to go to any one for protection, seek refuge with (+accusative or genitive; often at the end of a compound)
- c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā 18.66:
  सर्वधर्मान्परित्यज्य मामेकं शरणं व्रज
  sarvadharmānparityajya māmekaṃ śaraṇaṃ vraja
  Abandoning all mores, come only to me to take refuge
water
(with इन्द्रस्य (indrasya)) name of a सामन् (sāman)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of श॒र॒ण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	श॒र॒णम् (śaraṇám)	श॒र॒णे (śaraṇé)	श॒र॒णानि॑ (śaraṇā́ni) श॒र॒णा¹ (śaraṇā́¹)
accusative	श॒र॒णम् (śaraṇám)	श॒र॒णे (śaraṇé)	श॒र॒णानि॑ (śaraṇā́ni) श॒र॒णा¹ (śaraṇā́¹)
instrumental	श॒र॒णेन॑ (śaraṇéna)	श॒र॒णाभ्या॑म् (śaraṇā́bhyām)	श॒र॒णैः (śaraṇáiḥ) श॒र॒णेभिः॑¹ (śaraṇébhiḥ¹)
dative	श॒र॒णाय॑ (śaraṇā́ya)	श॒र॒णाभ्या॑म् (śaraṇā́bhyām)	श॒र॒णेभ्यः॑ (śaraṇébhyaḥ)
ablative	श॒र॒णात् (śaraṇā́t)	श॒र॒णाभ्या॑म् (śaraṇā́bhyām)	श॒र॒णेभ्यः॑ (śaraṇébhyaḥ)
genitive	श॒र॒णस्य॑ (śaraṇásya)	श॒र॒णयोः॑ (śaraṇáyoḥ)	श॒र॒णाना॑म् (śaraṇā́nām)
locative	श॒र॒णे (śaraṇé)	श॒र॒णयोः॑ (śaraṇáyoḥ)	श॒र॒णेषु॑ (śaraṇéṣu)
vocative	शर॑ण (śáraṇa)	शर॑णे (śáraṇe)	शर॑णानि (śáraṇāni) शर॑णा¹ (śáraṇā¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Pali: saraṇa
→ Bengali: শরণ (śoron)
→ Hindustani:
Devanagari script: शरण (śaraṇ)

Arabic script: شرن (śaran)
→ Old Javanese: śaraṇa
- > Javanese: ꦱꦫꦤ (sarana) (inherited)
  - → Indonesian: sarana, serana
    - → Malay: sarana
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਰਨ (śaran)

Shahmukhi script: شرن (śrn)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “शरण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1057, column 1.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇa) stem, m

one of the arrows of Kamadeva

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शरण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शरणः (śaraṇaḥ)	शरणौ (śaraṇau) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ) शरणासः¹ (śaraṇāsaḥ¹)
accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणौ (śaraṇau) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)	शरणान् (śaraṇān)
instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇena)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaiḥ) शरणेभिः¹ (śaraṇebhiḥ¹)
dative	शरणाय (śaraṇāya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇāt)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
locative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇeṣu)
vocative	शरण (śaraṇa)	शरणौ (śaraṇau) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ) शरणासः¹ (śaraṇāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇa) stem, n

falling asunder, bursting, falling in
killing, slaying
what slays or injures

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of शरण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)
accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)
instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇena)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaiḥ) शरणेभिः¹ (śaraṇebhiḥ¹)
dative	शरणाय (śaraṇāya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇāt)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
locative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇeṣu)
vocative	शरण (śaraṇa)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)

¹Vedic

References

Monier Williams (1899), “शरण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1056, column 3.