यज्ञोपवीत

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

যজ্ঞোপৱীত (Assamese script)
ᬬᬚ᭄ᬜᭀᬧᬯᬷᬢ (Balinese script)
যজ্ঞোপবীত (Bengali script)
𑰧𑰕𑰿𑰗𑰺𑰢𑰪𑰱𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀬𑀚𑁆𑀜𑁄𑀧𑀯𑀻𑀢 (Brahmi script)
ယဇ္ဉောပဝီတ (Burmese script)
યજ્ઞોપવીત (Gujarati script)
ਯਜ੍ਞੋਪਵੀਤ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌯𑌜𑍍𑌞𑍋𑌪𑌵𑍀𑌤 (Grantha script)
ꦪꦘꦺꦴꦥꦮꦷꦠ (Javanese script)
𑂨𑂔𑂹𑂖𑂷𑂣𑂫𑂲𑂞 (Kaithi script)
ಯಜ್ಞೋಪವೀತ (Kannada script)
យជ្ញោបវីត (Khmer script)
ຍຊ຺ໂຎປວີຕ (Lao script)
യജ്ഞോപവീത (Malayalam script)
ᠶᠠᡯᠨᡳᠶᠣᢒᠠᠸᡳᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘧𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘻𑘢𑘪𑘲𑘝 (Modi script)
ᠶ᠋ᠠᠽᡛᠣᠸᠠᢒᠠᠸᠢᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧇𑦵𑧠𑦷𑧜𑧂𑧊𑧓𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
𑐫𑐖𑑂𑐘𑑀𑐥𑐰𑐷𑐟 (Newa script)
ଯଜ୍ଞୋପଵୀତ (Odia script)
ꢫꢙ꣄ꢛꣂꢦꢮꢷꢡ (Saurashtra script)
𑆪𑆘𑇀𑆚𑆾𑆥𑆮𑆵𑆠 (Sharada script)
𑖧𑖕𑖿𑖗𑖺𑖢𑖪𑖱𑖝 (Siddham script)
යඥොපවීත (Sinhalese script)
𑩻𑩣 𑪙𑩥𑩕𑩰𑩾𑩑𑩛𑩫 (Soyombo script)
𑚣𑚑𑚶𑚓𑚴𑚞𑚦𑚯𑚙 (Takri script)
யஜ்ஞோபவீத (Tamil script)
యజ్ఞోపవీత (Telugu script)
ยชฺโญปวีต (Thai script)
ཡ་ཛྙོ་པ་ཝཱི་ཏ (Tibetan script)
𑒨𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒼𑒣𑒫𑒲𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
𑨪𑨥𑩇𑨓𑨆𑨞𑨭𑨁𑨊𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁yaǵ-

Proto-Indo-European *-nós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyaȷ́nás

Sanskrit यज्ञ (yajña)

Sanskrit उपव्ये (upavye)

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *-tás

Sanskrit -इत (-ita)

Sanskrit उपवीत (upavīta)

Sanskrit यज्ञोपवीत

Compound of यज्ञ (yajña) +‎ उपवीत (upavīta); see there for more.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐd͡ʑ.ɲɐw.pɐ.ʋiː.tɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /jɐd͡ʑ.ɲoː.pɐ.ʋiː.t̪ɐ/

Noun

य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒त • (yajñopavītá) stem, n

the sacred thread worn (over the left shoulder and hanging under the right) by boys and men of the three द्विज (dvija, “twice-born”) castes
- c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 4.36:
  वैणवीं धारयेद्यष्टिं सोदकं च कमण्डलुम् ।
  यज्ञोपवीतं वेदं च शुभं रौक्मे च कुण्डले । ।
  vaiṇavīṃ dhārayedyaṣṭiṃ sodakaṃ ca kamaṇḍalum.
  yajñopavītaṃ vedaṃ ca śubhaṃ raukme ca kuṇḍale..
  He [the Brāhmaṇa] shall carry a staff of bamboo, a pot full of water, the sacred string, a bundle of Kusa grass, and (wear) two bright golden ear-rings.
the investiture of young men with the said sacred thread
- c. 400 BCE – 300 BCE, Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒त
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तम् (yajñopavītám)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒ते (yajñopavīté)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तानि॑ (yajñopavītā́ni) य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒ता¹ (yajñopavītā́¹)
accusative	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तम् (yajñopavītám)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒ते (yajñopavīté)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तानि॑ (yajñopavītā́ni) य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒ता¹ (yajñopavītā́¹)
instrumental	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तेन॑ (yajñopavīténa)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒ताभ्या॑म् (yajñopavītā́bhyām)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तैः (yajñopavītáiḥ) य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तेभिः॑¹ (yajñopavītébhiḥ¹)
dative	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒ताय॑ (yajñopavītā́ya)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒ताभ्या॑म् (yajñopavītā́bhyām)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तेभ्यः॑ (yajñopavītébhyaḥ)
ablative	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तात् (yajñopavītā́t)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒ताभ्या॑म् (yajñopavītā́bhyām)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तेभ्यः॑ (yajñopavītébhyaḥ)
genitive	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तस्य॑ (yajñopavītásya)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तयोः॑ (yajñopavītáyoḥ)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒ताना॑म् (yajñopavītā́nām)
locative	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒ते (yajñopavīté)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तयोः॑ (yajñopavītáyoḥ)	य॒ज्ञो॒प॒वी॒तेषु॑ (yajñopavītéṣu)
vocative	यज्ञो॑पवीत (yájñopavīta)	यज्ञो॑पवीते (yájñopavīte)	यज्ञो॑पवीतानि (yájñopavītāni) यज्ञो॑पवीता¹ (yájñopavītā¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Kashmiri: योञ (yōñ)
Pali: yaññopavīta
Prakrit: 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀅 (jaṇṇovavīa), 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀈𑀅 (jaṇṇovaīa), 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀬 (jaṇṇovavīya), 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀻𑀅 (jaṇṇovīa)
- Central Indo-Aryan:
  - Gujarati: જનોઈ (janoī)
  - Hindustani:
    - Hindi: जनेऊ (janeū)
      - → English: janeu
    - Urdu: جَنیئُو (janeū)
  - Marwari: जिनेऊ (jineū), जीनोई (jīnoī)
- Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  - Maithili: janēu
    Devanagari script: जनेउ
    Tirhuta script: 𑒖𑒢𑒹𑒅
- Northern Indo-Aryan:
  - Nepali: जनै (janai)
- Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
  - Old Punjabi: ਜਨੇਊ (janeū)
    - Punjabi:
      Gurmukhi script: ਜੰਞੂ (jãñū)
      Shahmukhi script: جَننجو (jannjo)
  - Sindhi:
    Arabic script: جَڻْيو (jaṇev), جنوئـي (jno-e)
    Devanagari script: जण्यो, जनोई
- Southern Indo-Aryan:
  - Konkani: jānvẽ
    Devanagari script: जान्वें
    Kannada script: ಜಾನ್ವೆಂ
    Latin script: zanvem
  - Old Marathi:
    Devanagari script: जाणिवें (jāṇiveṃ), जानिवें (jāniveṃ)
    Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘜𑘲𑘪𑘹𑘽 (jāṇīveṃ), 𑘕𑘰𑘡𑘲𑘪𑘹𑘽 (jānīveṃ)
    - Marathi: जानवे (j̈ānve)
- → Old Kannada: ಜನ್ನವಿರ (jannavira), ಜನ್ನವರ (jannavara)
  - Kannada: ಜನಿವಾರ (janivāra), ಜನಿಬಾರ (janibāra), ಜನ್ನಿವಾರ (jannivāra), ಜೆನಿವಾರ (jenivāra)
→ Bengali: যজ্ঞোপবিত (jôggopôbit)
→ Kannada: ಯಜ್ಞೋಪವೀತ (yajñōpavīta)
→ Tamil: யக்கியோபவீதம் (yakkiyōpavītam)