यजमान
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit यजमान (yajamāna).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /jəd͡ʒ.mɑːn/, [jɐd͡ʒ.mä̃ːn]
Noun
यजमान • (yajmān) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | यजमान yajmān |
यजमान yajmān |
| oblique | यजमान yajmān |
यजमानों yajmānõ |
| vocative | यजमान yajmān |
यजमानो yajmāno |
References
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “यजमान”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 4052
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “यजमान”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 840
- Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “यजमान”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 625
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- যজমান (Assamese script)
- ᬬᬚᬫᬵᬦ (Balinese script)
- যজমান (Bengali script)
- 𑰧𑰕𑰦𑰯𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀬𑀚𑀫𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
- ယဇမာန (Burmese script)
- યજમાન (Gujarati script)
- ਯਜਮਾਨ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌯𑌜𑌮𑌾𑌨 (Grantha script)
- ꦪꦗꦩꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
- 𑂨𑂔𑂧𑂰𑂢 (Kaithi script)
- ಯಜಮಾನ (Kannada script)
- យជមាន (Khmer script)
- ຍຊມານ (Lao script)
- യജമാന (Malayalam script)
- ᠶᠠᡯᠠᠮᠠ᠊ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘧𑘕𑘦𑘰𑘡 (Modi script)
- ᠶ᠋ᠠᠽᠠᠮᠠᢗᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧇𑦵𑧆𑧑𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐫𑐖𑐩𑐵𑐣 (Newa script)
- ଯଜମାନ (Odia script)
- ꢫꢙꢪꢵꢥ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆪𑆘𑆩𑆳𑆤 (Sharada script)
- 𑖧𑖕𑖦𑖯𑖡 (Siddham script)
- යජමාන (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩻𑩣𑩴𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚣𑚑𑚢𑚭𑚝 (Takri script)
- யஜமாந (Tamil script)
- యజమాన (Telugu script)
- ยชมาน (Thai script)
- ཡ་ཛ་མཱ་ན (Tibetan script)
- 𑒨𑒖𑒧𑒰𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨪𑨥𑨢𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyáȷ́a-mHn-as (“worshipping”, middle participle of *Hyáȷ́ati), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yáǵo-mh₁n-os (“worshipping”, middle participle of *h₁yaǵ- (“to worship”)). Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨𐬥𐬀 (yazəmna, present middle participle of 𐬫𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (yazaiti)), Ancient Greek ᾰ̔ζόμενος (hăzómenos, present mediopassive participle of ᾰ̔́ζομαι (hắzomai)). The Sanskrit root is यज् (yaj).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /jɐ́.d͡ʑɐ.mɑː.nɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /jɐ.d͡ʑɐ.mɑː.n̪ɐ/
Participle
यज॑मान • (yájamāna) present mediopassive participle (root यज्)
- present middle participle of यज॑ति (yájati): worshipping; sacrificing
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.60.15:
- इन्द्रा॑ग्नी शृणु॒तं हवं॒ यज॑मानस्य सुन्व॒तः ।
वी॒तं ह॒व्यान्य् आ ग॑तं॒ पिब॑तं सो॒म्यं मधु॑ ॥- índrāgnī śṛṇutáṃ hávaṃ yájamānasya sunvatáḥ.
vītáṃ havyā́ny ā́ gataṃ píbataṃ somyáṃ mádhu. - Indra and Agni, hear the call of the one who worships with libations poured.
Come and enjoy the offerings, drink the sweetly-flavoured Soma juice.
- índrāgnī śṛṇutáṃ hávaṃ yájamānasya sunvatáḥ.
- इन्द्रा॑ग्नी शृणु॒तं हवं॒ यज॑मानस्य सुन्व॒तः ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यज॑मानः (yájamānaḥ) | यज॑मानौ (yájamānau) यज॑माना¹ (yájamānā¹) |
यज॑मानाः (yájamānāḥ) यज॑मानासः¹ (yájamānāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | यज॑मानम् (yájamānam) | यज॑मानौ (yájamānau) यज॑माना¹ (yájamānā¹) |
यज॑मानान् (yájamānān) |
| instrumental | यज॑मानेन (yájamānena) | यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानैः (yájamānaiḥ) यज॑मानेभिः¹ (yájamānebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | यज॑मानाय (yájamānāya) | यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानेभ्यः (yájamānebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यज॑मानात् (yájamānāt) | यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानेभ्यः (yájamānebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यज॑मानस्य (yájamānasya) | यज॑मानयोः (yájamānayoḥ) | यज॑मानानाम् (yájamānānām) |
| locative | यज॑माने (yájamāne) | यज॑मानयोः (yájamānayoḥ) | यज॑मानेषु (yájamāneṣu) |
| vocative | यज॑मान (yájamāna) | यज॑मानौ (yájamānau) यज॑माना¹ (yájamānā¹) |
यज॑मानाः (yájamānāḥ) यज॑मानासः¹ (yájamānāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यज॑माना (yájamānā) | यज॑माने (yájamāne) | यज॑मानाः (yájamānāḥ) |
| accusative | यज॑मानाम् (yájamānām) | यज॑माने (yájamāne) | यज॑मानाः (yájamānāḥ) |
| instrumental | यज॑मानया (yájamānayā) यज॑माना¹ (yájamānā¹) |
यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानाभिः (yájamānābhiḥ) |
| dative | यज॑मानायै (yájamānāyai) | यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानाभ्यः (yájamānābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यज॑मानायाः (yájamānāyāḥ) यज॑मानायै² (yájamānāyai²) |
यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानाभ्यः (yájamānābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यज॑मानायाः (yájamānāyāḥ) यज॑मानायै² (yájamānāyai²) |
यज॑मानयोः (yájamānayoḥ) | यज॑मानानाम् (yájamānānām) |
| locative | यज॑मानायाम् (yájamānāyām) | यज॑मानयोः (yájamānayoḥ) | यज॑मानासु (yájamānāsu) |
| vocative | यज॑माने (yájamāne) | यज॑माने (yájamāne) | यज॑मानाः (yájamānāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यज॑मानम् (yájamānam) | यज॑माने (yájamāne) | यज॑मानानि (yájamānāni) यज॑माना¹ (yájamānā¹) |
| accusative | यज॑मानम् (yájamānam) | यज॑माने (yájamāne) | यज॑मानानि (yájamānāni) यज॑माना¹ (yájamānā¹) |
| instrumental | यज॑मानेन (yájamānena) | यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानैः (yájamānaiḥ) यज॑मानेभिः¹ (yájamānebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | यज॑मानाय (yájamānāya) | यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानेभ्यः (yájamānebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यज॑मानात् (yájamānāt) | यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानेभ्यः (yájamānebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यज॑मानस्य (yájamānasya) | यज॑मानयोः (yájamānayoḥ) | यज॑मानानाम् (yájamānānām) |
| locative | यज॑माने (yájamāne) | यज॑मानयोः (yájamānayoḥ) | यज॑मानेषु (yájamāneṣu) |
| vocative | यज॑मान (yájamāna) | यज॑माने (yájamāne) | यज॑मानानि (yájamānāni) यज॑माना¹ (yájamānā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
यज॑मान • (yájamāna) stem, m
- one who commissions a sacrifice; the person paying the cost of a yajna; the patron of the yajna
- c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 3.8.2.7:
- अथ या आपः परिशिष्यन्ते ।
अर्धा वा यावत्यो वा ताभिर् एनं यजमानश् च शीर्षतोऽग्रे ऽनुषिञ्चतस् तत् प्राणांश् चैवास्मिंस् तत् तौ धत्तस् तच् चैनम् अतः समीरयतः ।- atha yā āpaḥ pariśiṣyante.
ardhā vā yāvatyo vā tābhir enaṃ yajamānaś ca śīrṣatoʼgre ʼnuṣiñcatas tat prāṇāṃś caivāsmiṃs tat tau dhattas tac cainam ataḥ samīrayataḥ. - With one half or the whole of the water that is left, he (the Adhvaryu) and the Patron [of the worship-ritual] then sprinkle it, beginning from the head; thereby they put those vital airs into it, and revive it (beginning) from that part.
- atha yā āpaḥ pariśiṣyante.
- अथ या आपः परिशिष्यन्ते ।
- patron; head of tribe; host
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यज॑मानः (yájamānaḥ) | यज॑मानौ (yájamānau) यज॑माना¹ (yájamānā¹) |
यज॑मानाः (yájamānāḥ) यज॑मानासः¹ (yájamānāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | यज॑मानम् (yájamānam) | यज॑मानौ (yájamānau) यज॑माना¹ (yájamānā¹) |
यज॑मानान् (yájamānān) |
| instrumental | यज॑मानेन (yájamānena) | यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानैः (yájamānaiḥ) यज॑मानेभिः¹ (yájamānebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | यज॑मानाय (yájamānāya) | यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानेभ्यः (yájamānebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यज॑मानात् (yájamānāt) | यज॑मानाभ्याम् (yájamānābhyām) | यज॑मानेभ्यः (yájamānebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यज॑मानस्य (yájamānasya) | यज॑मानयोः (yájamānayoḥ) | यज॑मानानाम् (yájamānānām) |
| locative | यज॑माने (yájamāne) | यज॑मानयोः (yájamānayoḥ) | यज॑मानेषु (yájamāneṣu) |
| vocative | यज॑मान (yájamāna) | यज॑मानौ (yájamānau) यज॑माना¹ (yájamānā¹) |
यज॑मानाः (yájamānāḥ) यज॑मानासः¹ (yájamānāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- → Kannada: ಯಜಮಾನ (yajamāna)
- → Tamil: எஜமான் (ejamāṉ), எசமான் (ecamāṉ), எசமானன் (ecamāṉaṉ) — standard
- → Telugu: యజమాని (yajamāni), యజమానుడు (yajamānuḍu)
- → Malayalam: യജമാനൻ (yajamānaṉ), ഏമാൻ (ēmāṉ) (tadbhava), യജമാനത്തി (yajamānatti)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “यजमान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 839, column 1.