महत्
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- महा (mahā) (form used in compounding)
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- মহত্ (Assamese script)
- ᬫᬳᬢ᭄ (Balinese script)
- মহত্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰮𑰝𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀳𑀢𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- မဟတ် (Burmese script)
- મહત્ (Gujarati script)
- ਮਹਤ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌮𑌹𑌤𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦩꦲꦠ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂧𑂯𑂞𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಮಹತ್ (Kannada script)
- មហត៑ (Khmer script)
- ມຫຕ຺ (Lao script)
- മഹത് (Malayalam script)
- ᠮᠠᡥᠠᢠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘦𑘮𑘝𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠠᠾᠠᢐ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧆𑧎𑦽𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂 (Newa script)
- ମହତ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢪꢲꢡ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆲𑆠𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖮𑖝𑖿 (Siddham script)
- මහත් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩴𑪂𑩫 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚢𑚩𑚙𑚶 (Takri script)
- மஹத் (Tamil script)
- మహత్ (Telugu script)
- มหตฺ (Thai script)
- མ་ཧ་ཏ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒯𑒞𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨢𑨱𑨙𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *maȷ́ʰā́ (“big, great”), from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s (idem).[1] Cognate with Middle Persian ms (meh), Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas), Armenian մեծ (mec), Latin magnus, English much.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /mɐ.ɦɐ́t/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /mɐ.ɦɐt̪/
Adjective
म॒हत् • (mahát) stem (comparative महीयस्, superlative महिष्ठ)
- great, large, big, huge, ample, extensive, long, abundant
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.114.7:
- मा नो॑ म॒हान्त॑म् उ॒त मा नो॑ अर्भ॒कं मा न॒ उक्ष॑न्तम् उ॒त मा न॑ उक्षि॒तम् ।
मा नो॑ वधीः पि॒तरं॒ मोत मा॒तरं॒ मा नः॑ प्रि॒यास् त॒न्वो॑ रुद्र रीरिषः ॥- mā́ no mahā́ntam utá mā́ no arbhakáṃ mā́ na úkṣantam utá mā́ na ukṣitám.
mā́ no vadhīḥ pitáraṃ mótá mātáraṃ mā́ naḥ priyā́s tanvò rudra rīriṣaḥ. - O Rudra, harm not either great or small among us, harm not the growing boy, harm not the full-grown man.
Slay not a sire among us, slay no mother here, and do not harm our own dear bodies, O Rudra.
- mā́ no mahā́ntam utá mā́ no arbhakáṃ mā́ na úkṣantam utá mā́ na ukṣitám.
- मा नो॑ म॒हान्त॑म् उ॒त मा नो॑ अर्भ॒कं मा न॒ उक्ष॑न्तम् उ॒त मा न॑ उक्षि॒तम् ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | म॒हान् (mahā́n) | म॒हान्तौ॑ (mahā́ntau) म॒हान्ता॑¹ (mahā́ntā¹) |
म॒हान्तः॑ (mahā́ntaḥ) |
| accusative | म॒हान्त॑म् (mahā́ntam) महत्² (mahat²) |
म॒हान्तौ॑ (mahā́ntau) म॒हान्ता॑¹ (mahā́ntā¹) |
म॒ह॒तः (mahatáḥ) |
| instrumental | म॒ह॒ता (mahatā́) | म॒हद्भ्या॑म् (mahádbhyām) | म॒हद्भिः॑ (mahádbhiḥ) |
| dative | म॒ह॒ते (mahaté) | म॒हद्भ्या॑म् (mahádbhyām) | म॒हद्भ्यः॑ (mahádbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | म॒ह॒तः (mahatáḥ) | म॒हद्भ्या॑म् (mahádbhyām) | म॒हद्भ्यः॑ (mahádbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | म॒ह॒तः (mahatáḥ) | म॒ह॒तोः (mahatóḥ) | म॒ह॒ताम् (mahatā́m) |
| locative | म॒ह॒ति (mahatí) | म॒ह॒तोः (mahatóḥ) | म॒हत्सु॑ (mahátsu) |
| vocative | महा॑न् (máhān) | महा॑न्तौ (máhāntau) महा॑न्ता¹ (máhāntā¹) |
महा॑न्तः (máhāntaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic, ²Epic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | म॒ह॒ती (mahatī́) | म॒ह॒त्यौ॑ (mahatyàu) म॒ह॒ती¹ (mahatī́¹) |
म॒ह॒त्यः॑ (mahatyàḥ) म॒ह॒तीः¹ (mahatī́ḥ¹) |
| accusative | म॒ह॒तीम् (mahatī́m) | म॒ह॒त्यौ॑ (mahatyàu) म॒ह॒ती¹ (mahatī́¹) |
म॒ह॒तीः (mahatī́ḥ) |
| instrumental | म॒ह॒त्या (mahatyā́) | म॒ह॒तीभ्या॑म् (mahatī́bhyām) | म॒ह॒तीभिः॑ (mahatī́bhiḥ) |
| dative | म॒ह॒त्यै (mahatyái) | म॒ह॒तीभ्या॑म् (mahatī́bhyām) | म॒ह॒तीभ्यः॑ (mahatī́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | म॒ह॒त्याः (mahatyā́ḥ) म॒ह॒त्यै² (mahatyái²) |
म॒ह॒तीभ्या॑म् (mahatī́bhyām) | म॒ह॒तीभ्यः॑ (mahatī́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | म॒ह॒त्याः (mahatyā́ḥ) म॒ह॒त्यै² (mahatyái²) |
म॒ह॒त्योः (mahatyóḥ) | म॒ह॒तीना॑म् (mahatī́nām) |
| locative | म॒ह॒त्याम् (mahatyā́m) | म॒ह॒त्योः (mahatyóḥ) | म॒ह॒तीषु॑ (mahatī́ṣu) |
| vocative | मह॑ति (máhati) | मह॑त्यौ (máhatyau) मह॑ती¹ (máhatī¹) |
मह॑त्यः (máhatyaḥ) मह॑तीः¹ (máhatīḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | म॒हत् (mahát) | म॒हन्ती॑ (mahántī) | म॒हान्ति॑ (mahā́nti) |
| accusative | म॒हत् (mahát) | म॒हन्ती॑ (mahántī) | म॒हान्ति॑ (mahā́nti) |
| instrumental | म॒ह॒ता (mahatā́) | म॒हद्भ्या॑म् (mahádbhyām) | म॒हद्भिः॑ (mahádbhiḥ) |
| dative | म॒ह॒ते (mahaté) | म॒हद्भ्या॑म् (mahádbhyām) | म॒हद्भ्यः॑ (mahádbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | म॒ह॒तः (mahatáḥ) | म॒हद्भ्या॑म् (mahádbhyām) | म॒हद्भ्यः॑ (mahádbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | म॒ह॒तः (mahatáḥ) | म॒ह॒तोः (mahatóḥ) | म॒ह॒ताम् (mahatā́m) |
| locative | म॒ह॒ति (mahatí) | म॒ह॒तोः (mahatóḥ) | म॒हत्सु॑ (mahátsu) |
| vocative | मह॑त् (máhat) | मह॑न्ती (máhantī) | महा॑न्ति (máhānti) |
Descendants
(See also महा (mahā).)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “mahā́nt- (> line 2 > mahát)”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 337
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “महत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 794, column 2.