मदिर
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit मदिर (madira).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /mə.d̪ɪɾ/, [mɐ.d̪ɪɾ]
Adjective
मदिर • (madir)
- intoxicating, inebriating, intoxicative
- Synonym: मादक (mādak)
- intoxicated, drunk
- charming, alluring
Noun
मदिर • (madir) f
- Senegalia catechu (species of plant)
- Synonym: खैर (khair)
- catechu (extract of this plant)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | मदिर madir |
मदिरें madirẽ |
| oblique | मदिर madir |
मदिरों madirõ |
| vocative | मदिर madir |
मदिरो madiro |
References
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “मदिर”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 3763
- Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “मदिर”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 572
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “मदिर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 787
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- মদিৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬫᬤᬶᬭ (Balinese script)
- মদির (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰟𑰰𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀤𑀺𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- မဒိရ (Burmese script)
- મદિર (Gujarati script)
- ਮਦਿਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌮𑌦𑌿𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦩꦢꦶꦫ (Javanese script)
- 𑂧𑂠𑂱𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ಮದಿರ (Kannada script)
- មទិរ (Khmer script)
- ມທິຣ (Lao script)
- മദിര (Malayalam script)
- ᠮᠠᡩᡳᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘦𑘟𑘱𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠠᢑᠢᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧆𑦿𑧒𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐡𑐶𑐬 (Newa script)
- ମଦିର (Odia script)
- ꢪꢣꢶꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆢𑆴𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖟𑖰𑖨 (Siddham script)
- මදිර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩴𑩭𑩑𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚢𑚛𑚮𑚤 (Takri script)
- மதி³ர (Tamil script)
- మదిర (Telugu script)
- มทิร (Thai script)
- མ་དི་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒠𑒱𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨢𑨛𑨁𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *m̥h₂d-h₂-ró-s, from *meh₂d- (“to be wet”). Cognate with Ancient Greek μᾰδᾰρός (mădărós, “wet”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /mɐ.di.ɾɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /mɐ.d̪i.ɾɐ/
Adjective
म॒दि॒र • (madirá) stem
- intoxicating, exhilarating, gladdening, lovely
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.69.7:
- इन्द्रा॑विष्णू॒ पिब॑तं॒ मध्वो॑ अ॒स्य सोम॑स्य दस्रा ज॒ठरं॑ पृणेथाम्।
आ वा॒म् अन्धां॑सि मदि॒राण्य् अ॒ग्म॒न्न् उप॒ ब्रह्मा॑णि शृणुतं॒ हवं॑ मे॥- índrāviṣṇū píbataṃ mádhvo asyá sómasya dasrā jaṭháraṃ pṛṇethām.
ā́ vām ándhāṃsi madirā́ṇy agmann úpa bráhmāṇi śṛṇutaṃ hávaṃ me. - Drink of this mead, O Indra, thou, and Viṣṇu; drink ye your fill of Soma, Wonder-Workers.
The sweet exhilarating juices have reached you. Hear ye my prayers, give ear unto my calling.
- índrāviṣṇū píbataṃ mádhvo asyá sómasya dasrā jaṭháraṃ pṛṇethām.
- इन्द्रा॑विष्णू॒ पिब॑तं॒ मध्वो॑ अ॒स्य सोम॑स्य दस्रा ज॒ठरं॑ पृणेथाम्।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | म॒दि॒रः (madiráḥ) | म॒दि॒रौ (madiráu) म॒दि॒रा¹ (madirā́¹) |
म॒दि॒राः (madirā́ḥ) म॒दि॒रासः॑¹ (madirā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | म॒दि॒रम् (madirám) | म॒दि॒रौ (madiráu) म॒दि॒रा¹ (madirā́¹) |
म॒दि॒रान् (madirā́n) |
| instrumental | म॒दि॒रेण॑ (madiréṇa) | म॒दि॒राभ्या॑म् (madirā́bhyām) | म॒दि॒रैः (madiráiḥ) म॒दि॒रेभिः॑¹ (madirébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | म॒दि॒राय॑ (madirā́ya) | म॒दि॒राभ्या॑म् (madirā́bhyām) | म॒दि॒रेभ्यः॑ (madirébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | म॒दि॒रात् (madirā́t) | म॒दि॒राभ्या॑म् (madirā́bhyām) | म॒दि॒रेभ्यः॑ (madirébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | म॒दि॒रस्य॑ (madirásya) | म॒दि॒रयोः॑ (madiráyoḥ) | म॒दि॒राणा॑म् (madirā́ṇām) |
| locative | म॒दि॒रे (madiré) | म॒दि॒रयोः॑ (madiráyoḥ) | म॒दि॒रेषु॑ (madiréṣu) |
| vocative | मदि॑र (mádira) | मदि॑रौ (mádirau) मदि॑रा¹ (mádirā¹) |
मदि॑राः (mádirāḥ) मदि॑रासः¹ (mádirāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | म॒दि॒रा (madirā́) | म॒दि॒रे (madiré) | म॒दि॒राः (madirā́ḥ) |
| accusative | म॒दि॒राम् (madirā́m) | म॒दि॒रे (madiré) | म॒दि॒राः (madirā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | म॒दि॒रया॑ (madiráyā) म॒दि॒रा¹ (madirā́¹) |
म॒दि॒राभ्या॑म् (madirā́bhyām) | म॒दि॒राभिः॑ (madirā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | म॒दि॒रायै॑ (madirā́yai) | म॒दि॒राभ्या॑म् (madirā́bhyām) | म॒दि॒राभ्यः॑ (madirā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | म॒दि॒रायाः॑ (madirā́yāḥ) म॒दि॒रायै॑² (madirā́yai²) |
म॒दि॒राभ्या॑म् (madirā́bhyām) | म॒दि॒राभ्यः॑ (madirā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | म॒दि॒रायाः॑ (madirā́yāḥ) म॒दि॒रायै॑² (madirā́yai²) |
म॒दि॒रयोः॑ (madiráyoḥ) | म॒दि॒राणा॑म् (madirā́ṇām) |
| locative | म॒दि॒राया॑म् (madirā́yām) | म॒दि॒रयोः॑ (madiráyoḥ) | म॒दि॒रासु॑ (madirā́su) |
| vocative | मदि॑रे (mádire) | मदि॑रे (mádire) | मदि॑राः (mádirāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | म॒दि॒रम् (madirám) | म॒दि॒रे (madiré) | म॒दि॒राणि॑ (madirā́ṇi) म॒दि॒रा¹ (madirā́¹) |
| accusative | म॒दि॒रम् (madirám) | म॒दि॒रे (madiré) | म॒दि॒राणि॑ (madirā́ṇi) म॒दि॒रा¹ (madirā́¹) |
| instrumental | म॒दि॒रेण॑ (madiréṇa) | म॒दि॒राभ्या॑म् (madirā́bhyām) | म॒दि॒रैः (madiráiḥ) म॒दि॒रेभिः॑¹ (madirébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | म॒दि॒राय॑ (madirā́ya) | म॒दि॒राभ्या॑म् (madirā́bhyām) | म॒दि॒रेभ्यः॑ (madirébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | म॒दि॒रात् (madirā́t) | म॒दि॒राभ्या॑म् (madirā́bhyām) | म॒दि॒रेभ्यः॑ (madirébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | म॒दि॒रस्य॑ (madirásya) | म॒दि॒रयोः॑ (madiráyoḥ) | म॒दि॒राणा॑म् (madirā́ṇām) |
| locative | म॒दि॒रे (madiré) | म॒दि॒रयोः॑ (madiráyoḥ) | म॒दि॒रेषु॑ (madiréṣu) |
| vocative | मदि॑र (mádira) | मदि॑रे (mádire) | मदि॑राणि (mádirāṇi) मदि॑रा¹ (mádirā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- मदिरा (madirā)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “मदिर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 778.