भेषज
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit भेषज (bheṣaja).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /bʱeː.ʂəd͡ʒ/, [bʱeː.ʃɐd͡ʒ]
Noun
भेषज • (bheṣaj) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | भेषज bheṣaj |
भेषज bheṣaj |
| oblique | भेषज bheṣaj |
भेषजों bheṣajõ |
| vocative | भेषज bheṣaj |
भेषजो bheṣajo |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ভেষজ (Assamese script)
- ᬪᬾᬱᬚ (Balinese script)
- ভেষজ (Bengali script)
- 𑰥𑰸𑰬𑰕 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀪𑁂𑀱𑀚 (Brahmi script)
- ဘေၑဇ (Burmese script)
- ભેષજ (Gujarati script)
- ਭੇਸ਼ਜ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌭𑍇𑌷𑌜 (Grantha script)
- ꦨꦺꦰꦗ (Javanese script)
- 𑂦𑂵𑂭𑂔 (Kaithi script)
- ಭೇಷಜ (Kannada script)
- ភេឞជ (Khmer script)
- ເຠຩຊ (Lao script)
- ഭേഷജ (Malayalam script)
- ᢨᡝᢢᠠᡯᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘥𑘹𑘬𑘕 (Modi script)
- ᠪᠾᠧᢔᠠᠽᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧅𑧚𑧌𑦵 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐨𑐾𑐲𑐖 (Newa script)
- ଭେଷଜ (Odia script)
- ꢩꢾꢰꢙ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆨𑆼𑆰𑆘 (Sharada script)
- 𑖥𑖸𑖬𑖕 (Siddham script)
- භෙෂජ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩳𑩔𑪀𑩣 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚡𑚲𑚑 (Takri script)
- பே⁴ஷஜ (Tamil script)
- భేషజ (Telugu script)
- เภษช (Thai script)
- བྷེ་ཥ་ཛ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒦𑒹𑒭𑒖 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨡𑨄𑨯𑨥 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰayšaȷ́ás (“healing, curative”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬀 (baēšaza, “curative”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /bʱɐj.ʂɐ.d͡ʑɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /bʱeː.ʂɐ.d͡ʑɐ/
Adjective
भे॒ष॒ज • (bheṣajá) stem
- curative, healing, sanative
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.33.7:
- क्व स्य ते रुद्र मृळयाकुर्हस्तो यो अस्ति भेषजो जलाषः ।
अपभर्ता रपसो दैव्यस्याभी नु मा वृषभ चक्षमीथाः ॥- kva sya te rudra mṛḷayākurhasto yo asti bheṣajo jalāṣaḥ.
apabhartā rapaso daivyasyābhī nu mā vṛṣabha cakṣamīthāḥ. - Where is that gracious hand of thine, O Rudra, the hand that giveth health and bringeth comfort,
O Remover of the woe that Gods have sent us? Look thou on me with compassion, O Strong One.
- kva sya te rudra mṛḷayākurhasto yo asti bheṣajo jalāṣaḥ.
- क्व स्य ते रुद्र मृळयाकुर्हस्तो यो अस्ति भेषजो जलाषः ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | भे॒ष॒जः (bheṣajáḥ) | भे॒ष॒जौ (bheṣajáu) भे॒ष॒जा¹ (bheṣajā́¹) |
भे॒ष॒जाः (bheṣajā́ḥ) भे॒ष॒जासः॑¹ (bheṣajā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | भे॒ष॒जम् (bheṣajám) | भे॒ष॒जौ (bheṣajáu) भे॒ष॒जा¹ (bheṣajā́¹) |
भे॒ष॒जान् (bheṣajā́n) |
| instrumental | भे॒ष॒जेन॑ (bheṣajéna) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जैः (bheṣajáiḥ) भे॒ष॒जेभिः॑¹ (bheṣajébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | भे॒ष॒जाय॑ (bheṣajā́ya) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जेभ्यः॑ (bheṣajébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | भे॒ष॒जात् (bheṣajā́t) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जेभ्यः॑ (bheṣajébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | भे॒ष॒जस्य॑ (bheṣajásya) | भे॒ष॒जयोः॑ (bheṣajáyoḥ) | भे॒ष॒जाना॑म् (bheṣajā́nām) |
| locative | भे॒ष॒जे (bheṣajé) | भे॒ष॒जयोः॑ (bheṣajáyoḥ) | भे॒ष॒जेषु॑ (bheṣajéṣu) |
| vocative | भेष॑ज (bhéṣaja) | भेष॑जौ (bhéṣajau) भेष॑जा¹ (bhéṣajā¹) |
भेष॑जाः (bhéṣajāḥ) भेष॑जासः¹ (bhéṣajāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | भे॒ष॒जा (bheṣajā́) | भे॒ष॒जे (bheṣajé) | भे॒ष॒जाः (bheṣajā́ḥ) |
| accusative | भे॒ष॒जाम् (bheṣajā́m) | भे॒ष॒जे (bheṣajé) | भे॒ष॒जाः (bheṣajā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | भे॒ष॒जया॑ (bheṣajáyā) भे॒ष॒जा¹ (bheṣajā́¹) |
भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जाभिः॑ (bheṣajā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | भे॒ष॒जायै॑ (bheṣajā́yai) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्यः॑ (bheṣajā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | भे॒ष॒जायाः॑ (bheṣajā́yāḥ) भे॒ष॒जायै॑² (bheṣajā́yai²) |
भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्यः॑ (bheṣajā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | भे॒ष॒जायाः॑ (bheṣajā́yāḥ) भे॒ष॒जायै॑² (bheṣajā́yai²) |
भे॒ष॒जयोः॑ (bheṣajáyoḥ) | भे॒ष॒जाना॑म् (bheṣajā́nām) |
| locative | भे॒ष॒जाया॑म् (bheṣajā́yām) | भे॒ष॒जयोः॑ (bheṣajáyoḥ) | भे॒ष॒जासु॑ (bheṣajā́su) |
| vocative | भेष॑जे (bhéṣaje) | भेष॑जे (bhéṣaje) | भेष॑जाः (bhéṣajāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | भे॒ष॒जम् (bheṣajám) | भे॒ष॒जे (bheṣajé) | भे॒ष॒जानि॑ (bheṣajā́ni) भे॒ष॒जा¹ (bheṣajā́¹) |
| accusative | भे॒ष॒जम् (bheṣajám) | भे॒ष॒जे (bheṣajé) | भे॒ष॒जानि॑ (bheṣajā́ni) भे॒ष॒जा¹ (bheṣajā́¹) |
| instrumental | भे॒ष॒जेन॑ (bheṣajéna) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जैः (bheṣajáiḥ) भे॒ष॒जेभिः॑¹ (bheṣajébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | भे॒ष॒जाय॑ (bheṣajā́ya) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जेभ्यः॑ (bheṣajébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | भे॒ष॒जात् (bheṣajā́t) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जेभ्यः॑ (bheṣajébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | भे॒ष॒जस्य॑ (bheṣajásya) | भे॒ष॒जयोः॑ (bheṣajáyoḥ) | भे॒ष॒जाना॑म् (bheṣajā́nām) |
| locative | भे॒ष॒जे (bheṣajé) | भे॒ष॒जयोः॑ (bheṣajáyoḥ) | भे॒ष॒जेषु॑ (bheṣajéṣu) |
| vocative | भेष॑ज (bhéṣaja) | भेष॑जे (bhéṣaje) | भेष॑जानि (bhéṣajāni) भेष॑जा¹ (bhéṣajā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
भे॒ष॒ज • (bheṣajá) stem, n
- medicine, remedy, drug
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.33.2:
- त्वादत्तेभी रुद्र शंतमेभिः शतं हिमा अशीय भेषजेभिः ।
व्यस्मद्द्वेषो वितरं व्यंहो व्यमीवाश्चातयस्वा विषूचीः ॥- tvādattebhī rudra śaṃtamebhiḥ śataṃ himā aśīya bheṣajebhiḥ.
vyasmaddveṣo vitaraṃ vyaṃho vyamīvāścātayasvā viṣūcīḥ. - With the most beneficent medicines which thou givest, Rudra, may I attain a hundred winters.
Far from us banish enmity and hatred, and to all quarters maladies and trouble.
- tvādattebhī rudra śaṃtamebhiḥ śataṃ himā aśīya bheṣajebhiḥ.
- त्वादत्तेभी रुद्र शंतमेभिः शतं हिमा अशीय भेषजेभिः ।
- healing magic, particularly from the Atharvaveda (ŚrS.)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | भे॒ष॒जम् (bheṣajám) | भे॒ष॒जे (bheṣajé) | भे॒ष॒जानि॑ (bheṣajā́ni) भे॒ष॒जा¹ (bheṣajā́¹) |
| accusative | भे॒ष॒जम् (bheṣajám) | भे॒ष॒जे (bheṣajé) | भे॒ष॒जानि॑ (bheṣajā́ni) भे॒ष॒जा¹ (bheṣajā́¹) |
| instrumental | भे॒ष॒जेन॑ (bheṣajéna) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जैः (bheṣajáiḥ) भे॒ष॒जेभिः॑¹ (bheṣajébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | भे॒ष॒जाय॑ (bheṣajā́ya) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जेभ्यः॑ (bheṣajébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | भे॒ष॒जात् (bheṣajā́t) | भे॒ष॒जाभ्या॑म् (bheṣajā́bhyām) | भे॒ष॒जेभ्यः॑ (bheṣajébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | भे॒ष॒जस्य॑ (bheṣajásya) | भे॒ष॒जयोः॑ (bheṣajáyoḥ) | भे॒ष॒जाना॑म् (bheṣajā́nām) |
| locative | भे॒ष॒जे (bheṣajé) | भे॒ष॒जयोः॑ (bheṣajáyoḥ) | भे॒ष॒जेषु॑ (bheṣajéṣu) |
| vocative | भेष॑ज (bhéṣaja) | भेष॑जे (bhéṣaje) | भेष॑जानि (bhéṣajāni) भेष॑जा¹ (bhéṣajā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Related terms
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “भेषज”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0766.