बृहत्
See also: बहुत
Hindi
Alternative forms
- वृहत् (vŕhat), वृहत (vŕhat), बृहत (bŕhat)
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit बृहत् (bṛhat). Doublet of बुलंद (buland).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /bɾɪ.ɦət̪/, [bɾɪ.ɦɐt̪]
Adjective
बृहत् • (bŕhat) (indeclinable)
- (literary, in compounds) large, great, big; mighty, strong
- 2006, Harendra Prasad Sinha, भारतीय दर्शन की रूपरेखा [Outline of Indian Philosophy][1], Motilal Banarsidass, →ISBN, page 155, →ISBN:
- शरीर के आकार में अन्तर होने के कारण आत्मा के भी भिन्न-भिन्न आकार हो जाते हैं। हाथी में निवास करने वाली आत्मा का रूप बृहत् है।
- śarīr ke ākār mẽ antar hone ke kāraṇ ātmā ke bhī bhinn-bhinn ākār ho jāte ha͠i. hāthī mẽ nivās karne vālī ātmā kā rūp bŕhat hai.
- Due to the difference in the size of the body, the soul also has varying shapes. The form of the soul residing in the elephant is large.
References
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “बृहत्”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 3542
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “बृहत्”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 744
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- वृहत् (vṛhat) — later variant
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- বৃহত্ (Assamese script)
- ᬩᬺᬳᬢ᭄ (Balinese script)
- বৃহত্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰤𑰴𑰮𑰝𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀩𑀾𑀳𑀢𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ဗၖဟတ် (Burmese script)
- બૃહત્ (Gujarati script)
- ਬ੍ਰਹਤ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌬𑍃𑌹𑌤𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦧꦽꦲꦠ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂥𑃂𑂯𑂞𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಬೃಹತ್ (Kannada script)
- ព្ឫហត៑ (Khmer script)
- ພ຺ຣິຫຕ຺ (Lao script)
- ബൃഹത് (Malayalam script)
- ᠪᡵᡳᡥᠠᢠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘤𑘵𑘮𑘝𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠪᠷᠢᠾᠠᢐ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧄𑧖𑧎𑦽𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐧𑐺𑐴𑐟𑑂 (Newa script)
- ବୃହତ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢨꢺꢲꢡ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆧𑆸𑆲𑆠𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖤𑖴𑖮𑖝𑖿 (Siddham script)
- බෘහත් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩲𑩙𑪂𑩫 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚠𑚩𑚙𑚶 (Takri script)
- ப்³ரிஹத் (Tamil script)
- బృహత్ (Telugu script)
- พฺฤหตฺ (Thai script)
- བྲྀ་ཧ་ཏ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒥𑒵𑒯𑒞𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨠𑨼𑨉𑨱𑨙𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰr̥ȷ́ʰáns, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰonts (“high; lofty”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬧𐬙 (bərəzaṇt), Persian بلند (boland). The Sanskrit root is बृह् (bṛh, “to be thick, grow great or strong, increase, expand”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /br̩.ɦɐ́t/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /br̩.ɦɐt̪/
Adjective
बृ॒हत् • (bṛhát) stem (comparative बर्हीयस्, superlative बर्हि॑ष्ठ)
- large; great; big; bulky; lofty; long; tall; mighty; strong
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.52.9:
- बृ॒हत्स्व श्च॑न्द्र॒मम॑व॒द्यदु॒क्थ्य१॒॑मकृ॑ण्वत भि॒यसा॒ रोह॑णं दि॒वः ।
यन्मानु॑षप्रधना॒ इन्द्र॑मू॒तयः॒ स्व॑र्नृ॒षाचो॑ म॒रुतोऽम॑द॒न्ननु॑ ॥- bṛhátsvá ścandramámavadyádukthyàmákṛṇvata bhiyásā róhaṇaṃ diváḥ.
yánmā́nuṣapradhanā índramūtáyaḥ svàrnṛṣā́co marútóʼmadannánu. - In fear they raised the lofty self-resplendent hymn, praise giving and effectual, leading up to heaven.
When Indra's helpers fighting for the good of men, the Maruts, faithful to mankind, joyed in the light.
- bṛhátsvá ścandramámavadyádukthyàmákṛṇvata bhiyásā róhaṇaṃ diváḥ.
- बृ॒हत्स्व श्च॑न्द्र॒मम॑व॒द्यदु॒क्थ्य१॒॑मकृ॑ण्वत भि॒यसा॒ रोह॑णं दि॒वः ।
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.27.7:
- पिप॑र्तु नो॒ अदि॑ती॒ राज॑पु॒त्राति॒ द्वेषां॑स्यर्य॒मा सु॒गेभिः॑ ।
बृ॒हन्मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्य॒ शर्मोप॑ स्याम पुरु॒वीरा॒ अरि॑ष्टाः ॥- pípartu no áditī rā́japutrā́ti dvéṣāṃsyaryamā́ sugébhiḥ.
bṛhánmitrásya váruṇasya śármópa syāma puruvī́rā áriṣṭāḥ. - Mother of Kings, may Aditi transport us, by fair paths Aryaman, beyond all hatred.
May we uninjured, girt by many heroes, win Varuna's and Mitra's high protection.
- pípartu no áditī rā́japutrā́ti dvéṣāṃsyaryamā́ sugébhiḥ.
- पिप॑र्तु नो॒ अदि॑ती॒ राज॑पु॒त्राति॒ द्वेषां॑स्यर्य॒मा सु॒गेभिः॑ ।
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.108.9:
- अ॒भि द्यु॒म्नं बृ॒हद्यश॒ इष॑स्पते दिदी॒हि दे॑व देव॒युः ।
वि कोशं॑ मध्य॒मं यु॑व ॥- abhí dyumnáṃ bṛhádyáśa íṣaspate didīhí deva devayúḥ.
ví kóśaṃ madhyamáṃ yuva. - Make great glory shine on us, thou Lord of strengthening food, God, as the Friend of Gods: Unclose the fount of middle air.
- abhí dyumnáṃ bṛhádyáśa íṣaspate didīhí deva devayúḥ.
- अ॒भि द्यु॒म्नं बृ॒हद्यश॒ इष॑स्पते दिदी॒हि दे॑व देव॒युः ।
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 5.12.10.1:
- एवं कृशं स्थूलमणुर्बृहद्यदसच्च सज्जीवमजीवमन्यत् ।
- evaṃ kṛśaṃ sthūlamaṇurbṛhadyadasacca sajjīvamajīvamanyat.
- Thus, [all] that is skinny, fat, tiny, big is untrue and other true living things are lifeless.
- एवं कृशं स्थूलमणुर्बृहद्यदसच्च सज्जीवमजीवमन्यत् ।
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 6.53.22:
- काञ्चनाङ्गदकेयूरो निष्काभरणभूषितः ।
कुम्भकर्णो बृहत्कर्णः सुहुतोऽग्निरिवाबभौ ॥- kāñcanāṅgadakeyūro niṣkābharaṇabhūṣitaḥ.
kumbhakarṇo bṛhatkarṇaḥ suhutoʼgnirivābabhau. - Kumbhakarna with long ears, adorned with golden armlets and bracelets worn on his upper arms along with ornament for his breast, shone like fire, well-fed with oblations.
- kāñcanāṅgadakeyūro niṣkābharaṇabhūṣitaḥ.
- काञ्चनाङ्गदकेयूरो निष्काभरणभूषितः ।
- clear; loud; high (as sound)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | बृ॒हन् (bṛhán) | बृ॒हन्तौ॑ (bṛhántau) बृ॒हन्ता॑¹ (bṛhántā¹) |
बृ॒हन्तः॑ (bṛhántaḥ) |
| accusative | बृ॒हन्त॑म् (bṛhántam) | बृ॒हन्तौ॑ (bṛhántau) बृ॒हन्ता॑¹ (bṛhántā¹) |
बृ॒ह॒तः (bṛhatáḥ) |
| instrumental | बृ॒ह॒ता (bṛhatā́) | बृ॒हद्भ्या॑म् (bṛhádbhyām) | बृ॒हद्भिः॑ (bṛhádbhiḥ) |
| dative | बृ॒ह॒ते (bṛhaté) | बृ॒हद्भ्या॑म् (bṛhádbhyām) | बृ॒हद्भ्यः॑ (bṛhádbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | बृ॒ह॒तः (bṛhatáḥ) | बृ॒हद्भ्या॑म् (bṛhádbhyām) | बृ॒हद्भ्यः॑ (bṛhádbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | बृ॒ह॒तः (bṛhatáḥ) | बृ॒ह॒तोः (bṛhatóḥ) | बृ॒ह॒ताम् (bṛhatā́m) |
| locative | बृ॒ह॒ति (bṛhatí) | बृ॒ह॒तोः (bṛhatóḥ) | बृ॒हत्सु॑ (bṛhátsu) |
| vocative | बृह॑न् (bṛ́han) | बृह॑न्तौ (bṛ́hantau) बृह॑न्ता¹ (bṛ́hantā¹) |
बृह॑न्तः (bṛ́hantaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | बृ॒ह॒ती (bṛhatī́) | बृ॒ह॒त्यौ॑ (bṛhatyàu) बृ॒ह॒ती¹ (bṛhatī́¹) |
बृ॒ह॒त्यः॑ (bṛhatyàḥ) बृ॒ह॒तीः¹ (bṛhatī́ḥ¹) |
| accusative | बृ॒ह॒तीम् (bṛhatī́m) | बृ॒ह॒त्यौ॑ (bṛhatyàu) बृ॒ह॒ती¹ (bṛhatī́¹) |
बृ॒ह॒तीः (bṛhatī́ḥ) |
| instrumental | बृ॒ह॒त्या (bṛhatyā́) | बृ॒ह॒तीभ्या॑म् (bṛhatī́bhyām) | बृ॒ह॒तीभिः॑ (bṛhatī́bhiḥ) |
| dative | बृ॒ह॒त्यै (bṛhatyái) | बृ॒ह॒तीभ्या॑म् (bṛhatī́bhyām) | बृ॒ह॒तीभ्यः॑ (bṛhatī́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | बृ॒ह॒त्याः (bṛhatyā́ḥ) बृ॒ह॒त्यै² (bṛhatyái²) |
बृ॒ह॒तीभ्या॑म् (bṛhatī́bhyām) | बृ॒ह॒तीभ्यः॑ (bṛhatī́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | बृ॒ह॒त्याः (bṛhatyā́ḥ) बृ॒ह॒त्यै² (bṛhatyái²) |
बृ॒ह॒त्योः (bṛhatyóḥ) | बृ॒ह॒तीना॑म् (bṛhatī́nām) |
| locative | बृ॒ह॒त्याम् (bṛhatyā́m) | बृ॒ह॒त्योः (bṛhatyóḥ) | बृ॒ह॒तीषु॑ (bṛhatī́ṣu) |
| vocative | बृह॑ति (bṛ́hati) | बृह॑त्यौ (bṛ́hatyau) बृह॑ती¹ (bṛ́hatī¹) |
बृह॑त्यः (bṛ́hatyaḥ) बृह॑तीः¹ (bṛ́hatīḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | बृ॒हत् (bṛhát) | बृ॒हन्ती॑ (bṛhántī) | बृ॒हन्ति॑ (bṛhánti) |
| accusative | बृ॒हत् (bṛhát) | बृ॒हन्ती॑ (bṛhántī) | बृ॒हन्ति॑ (bṛhánti) |
| instrumental | बृ॒ह॒ता (bṛhatā́) | बृ॒हद्भ्या॑म् (bṛhádbhyām) | बृ॒हद्भिः॑ (bṛhádbhiḥ) |
| dative | बृ॒ह॒ते (bṛhaté) | बृ॒हद्भ्या॑म् (bṛhádbhyām) | बृ॒हद्भ्यः॑ (bṛhádbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | बृ॒ह॒तः (bṛhatáḥ) | बृ॒हद्भ्या॑म् (bṛhádbhyām) | बृ॒हद्भ्यः॑ (bṛhádbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | बृ॒ह॒तः (bṛhatáḥ) | बृ॒ह॒तोः (bṛhatóḥ) | बृ॒ह॒ताम् (bṛhatā́m) |
| locative | बृ॒ह॒ति (bṛhatí) | बृ॒ह॒तोः (bṛhatóḥ) | बृ॒हत्सु॑ (bṛhátsu) |
| vocative | बृह॑त् (bṛ́hat) | बृह॑न्ती (bṛ́hantī) | बृह॑न्ति (bṛ́hanti) |
Derived terms
- बृहदारण्यक (bṛhadāraṇyaka)
Descendants
Noun
बृ॒हत् • (bṛhát) stem, n
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | बृ॒हत् (bṛhát) | बृ॒हन्ती॑ (bṛhántī) | बृ॒हन्ति॑ (bṛhánti) |
| accusative | बृ॒हत् (bṛhát) | बृ॒हन्ती॑ (bṛhántī) | बृ॒हन्ति॑ (bṛhánti) |
| instrumental | बृ॒ह॒ता (bṛhatā́) | बृ॒हद्भ्या॑म् (bṛhádbhyām) | बृ॒हद्भिः॑ (bṛhádbhiḥ) |
| dative | बृ॒ह॒ते (bṛhaté) | बृ॒हद्भ्या॑म् (bṛhádbhyām) | बृ॒हद्भ्यः॑ (bṛhádbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | बृ॒ह॒तः (bṛhatáḥ) | बृ॒हद्भ्या॑म् (bṛhádbhyām) | बृ॒हद्भ्यः॑ (bṛhádbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | बृ॒ह॒तः (bṛhatáḥ) | बृ॒ह॒तोः (bṛhatóḥ) | बृ॒ह॒ताम् (bṛhatā́m) |
| locative | बृ॒ह॒ति (bṛhatí) | बृ॒ह॒तोः (bṛhatóḥ) | बृ॒हत्सु॑ (bṛhátsu) |
| vocative | बृह॑त् (bṛ́hat) | बृह॑न्ती (bṛ́hantī) | बृह॑न्ति (bṛ́hanti) |
Adverb
बृ॒हत् • (bṛhát)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “बृहत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 735.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “bṛhat”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “बृहत्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1171
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “बृहत्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 197
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “br̥hánt”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 527