प्रतिलोम
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्रतिलोम (pratiloma).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /pɾə.t̪ɪ.loːm/, [pɾɐ.t̪ɪ.lõːm]
Adjective
प्रतिलोम • (pratilom) (indeclinable)
- (literary) opposite, flipped
- (mathematics) inverse
- प्रतिलोम त्रिकोणमितीय फलन
- pratilom trikoṇmitīya phalan
- inverse trigonometric function
Further reading
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “प्रतिलोम”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- প্ৰতিলোম (Assamese script)
- ᬧ᭄ᬭᬢᬶᬮᭀᬫ (Balinese script)
- প্রতিলোম (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰝𑰰𑰩𑰺𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀢𑀺𑀮𑁄𑀫 (Brahmi script)
- ပြတိလောမ (Burmese script)
- પ્રતિલોમ (Gujarati script)
- ਪ੍ਰਤਿਲੋਮ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌤𑌿𑌲𑍋𑌮 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦿꦠꦶꦭꦺꦴꦩ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂞𑂱𑂪𑂷𑂧 (Kaithi script)
- ಪ್ರತಿಲೋಮ (Kannada script)
- ប្រតិលោម (Khmer script)
- ປ຺ຣຕິໂລມ (Lao script)
- പ്രതിലോമ (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡵᠠᢠᡳᠯᠣᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘝𑘱𑘩𑘻𑘦 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠷᠠᢐᠢᠯᠣᠸᠠᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑦽𑧒𑧉𑧜𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐟𑐶𑐮𑑀𑐩 (Newa script)
- ପ୍ରତିଲୋମ (Odia script)
- ꢦ꣄ꢬꢡꢶꢭꣂꢪ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆠𑆴𑆬𑆾𑆩 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖝𑖰𑖩𑖺𑖦 (Siddham script)
- ප්රතිලොම (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩫𑩑𑩽𑩕𑩴 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚙𑚮𑚥𑚴𑚢 (Takri script)
- ப்ரதிலோம (Tamil script)
- ప్రతిలోమ (Telugu script)
- ปฺรติโลม (Thai script)
- པྲ་ཏི་ལོ་མ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞𑒱𑒪𑒼𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨙𑨁𑨬𑨆𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From प्रति- (prati-, “back; against; opposite”) + लोम (loma, “body hair”, combining form of लोमन् (lóman)), literally “against the direction of hair growth”. Compare English against the grain.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pɾɐ.ti.lɐw.mɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pɾɐ.t̪i.l̪oː.mɐ/
Adjective
प्र॒ति॒लो॒म • (pratilomá) stem
- contrary to the regular order; inverted; against the grain
- (by extension) disagreeable; adverse; unpleasant
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 5.20.35:
- प्रतिलोमानुलोमैश्च सामदानादिभेदनैः ।
आवर्तयत वैदेहीं दण्डस्योद्यमनेन च ॥- pratilomānulomaiśca sāmadānādibhedanaiḥ.
āvartayata vaidehīṃ daṇḍasyodyamanena ca. - By (all possible ways spanning the) adverse and pleasant, by breaking (her will) using sweet words, gifts, and so on,
And by the raising of a cudgel, make Vaidehī turn toward me!
- pratilomānulomaiśca sāmadānādibhedanaiḥ.
- प्रतिलोमानुलोमैश्च सामदानादिभेदनैः ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मः (pratilomáḥ) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मौ (pratilomáu) प्र॒ति॒लो॒मा¹ (pratilomā́¹) |
प्र॒ति॒लो॒माः (pratilomā́ḥ) प्र॒ति॒लो॒मासः॑¹ (pratilomā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मम् (pratilomám) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मौ (pratilomáu) प्र॒ति॒लो॒मा¹ (pratilomā́¹) |
प्र॒ति॒लो॒मान् (pratilomā́n) |
| instrumental | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मेन॑ (pratiloména) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्या॑म् (pratilomā́bhyām) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मैः (pratilomáiḥ) प्र॒ति॒लो॒मेभिः॑¹ (pratilomébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माय॑ (pratilomā́ya) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्या॑म् (pratilomā́bhyām) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मेभ्यः॑ (pratilomébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मात् (pratilomā́t) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्या॑म् (pratilomā́bhyām) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मेभ्यः॑ (pratilomébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मस्य॑ (pratilomásya) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मयोः॑ (pratilomáyoḥ) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माना॑म् (pratilomā́nām) |
| locative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मे (pratilomé) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मयोः॑ (pratilomáyoḥ) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मेषु॑ (pratiloméṣu) |
| vocative | प्रति॑लोम (prátiloma) | प्रति॑लोमौ (prátilomau) प्रति॑लोमा¹ (prátilomā¹) |
प्रति॑लोमाः (prátilomāḥ) प्रति॑लोमासः¹ (prátilomāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मा (pratilomā́) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मे (pratilomé) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माः (pratilomā́ḥ) |
| accusative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माम् (pratilomā́m) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मे (pratilomé) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माः (pratilomā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मया॑ (pratilomáyā) प्र॒ति॒लो॒मा¹ (pratilomā́¹) |
प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्या॑म् (pratilomā́bhyām) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभिः॑ (pratilomā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मायै॑ (pratilomā́yai) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्या॑म् (pratilomā́bhyām) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्यः॑ (pratilomā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मायाः॑ (pratilomā́yāḥ) प्र॒ति॒लो॒मायै॑² (pratilomā́yai²) |
प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्या॑म् (pratilomā́bhyām) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्यः॑ (pratilomā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मायाः॑ (pratilomā́yāḥ) प्र॒ति॒लो॒मायै॑² (pratilomā́yai²) |
प्र॒ति॒लो॒मयोः॑ (pratilomáyoḥ) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माना॑म् (pratilomā́nām) |
| locative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माया॑म् (pratilomā́yām) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मयोः॑ (pratilomáyoḥ) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मासु॑ (pratilomā́su) |
| vocative | प्रति॑लोमे (prátilome) | प्रति॑लोमे (prátilome) | प्रति॑लोमाः (prátilomāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मम् (pratilomám) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मे (pratilomé) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मानि॑ (pratilomā́ni) प्र॒ति॒लो॒मा¹ (pratilomā́¹) |
| accusative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मम् (pratilomám) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मे (pratilomé) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मानि॑ (pratilomā́ni) प्र॒ति॒लो॒मा¹ (pratilomā́¹) |
| instrumental | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मेन॑ (pratiloména) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्या॑म् (pratilomā́bhyām) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मैः (pratilomáiḥ) प्र॒ति॒लो॒मेभिः॑¹ (pratilomébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माय॑ (pratilomā́ya) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्या॑म् (pratilomā́bhyām) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मेभ्यः॑ (pratilomébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मात् (pratilomā́t) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माभ्या॑म् (pratilomā́bhyām) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मेभ्यः॑ (pratilomébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मस्य॑ (pratilomásya) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मयोः॑ (pratilomáyoḥ) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒माना॑म् (pratilomā́nām) |
| locative | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मे (pratilomé) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मयोः॑ (pratilomáyoḥ) | प्र॒ति॒लो॒मेषु॑ (pratiloméṣu) |
| vocative | प्रति॑लोम (prátiloma) | प्रति॑लोमे (prátilome) | प्रति॑लोमानि (prátilomāni) प्रति॑लोमा¹ (prátilomā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “prati-lomá”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 663/1.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “pratiloma”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.