निर्मल

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit निर्मल (nirmala). By surface analysis, निस्- (nis-) +‎ मल (mal).

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /nɪɾ.məl/, [nɪɾ.mɐl]
Rhymes: -əl

Adjective

निर्मल • (nirmal) (indeclinable)

pure, clean
Synonym: ख़ालिस (xālis)

Noun

निर्मल • (nirmal) f

a female given name, Nirmal, from Sanskrit

Declension

Declension of *निर्मल* (fem cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	निर्मल nirmal	निर्मलें nirmalẽ
oblique	निर्मल nirmal	निर्मलों nirmalõ
vocative	निर्मल nirmal	निर्मलो nirmalo

References

McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “निर्मल”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

নিৰ্মল (Assamese script)
ᬦᬶᬃᬫᬮ (Balinese script)
নির্মল (Bengali script)
𑰡𑰰𑰨𑰿𑰦𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀦𑀺𑀭𑁆𑀫𑀮 (Brahmi script)
နိရ်္မလ (Burmese script)
નિર્મલ (Gujarati script)
ਨਿਰ੍ਮਲ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌨𑌿𑌰𑍍𑌮𑌲 (Grantha script)
ꦤꦶꦂꦩꦭ (Javanese script)
𑂢𑂱𑂩𑂹𑂧𑂪 (Kaithi script)
ನಿರ್ಮಲ (Kannada script)
និម៌ល (Khmer script)
ນິຣ຺ມລ (Lao script)
നിര്മല (Malayalam script)
ᠨᡳᡵᠮᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘡𑘱𑘨𑘿𑘦𑘩 (Modi script)
ᠨᠢᠷᠮᠠᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧁𑧒𑧈𑧠𑧆𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
𑐣𑐶𑐬𑑂𑐩𑐮 (Newa script)
ନିର୍ମଲ (Odia script)
ꢥꢶꢬ꣄ꢪꢭ (Saurashtra script)
𑆤𑆴𑆫𑇀𑆩𑆬 (Sharada script)
𑖡𑖰𑖨𑖿𑖦𑖩 (Siddham script)
නිර්‍මල (Sinhalese script)
𑩯𑩑𑩼 𑪙𑩴𑩽 (Soyombo script)
𑚝𑚮𑚤𑚶𑚢𑚥 (Takri script)
நிர்மல (Tamil script)
నిర్మల (Telugu script)
นิรฺมล (Thai script)
ནི་རྨ་ལ (Tibetan script)
𑒢𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒧𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
𑨝𑨁𑨫𑩇𑨢𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /niɾ.mɐ.lɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /n̪iɾ.mɐ.l̪ɐ/

Adjective

निर्मल • (nirmala) stem

spotless, unsullied, clean, pure, shining, resplendent, bright
sinless, virtuous

Descendants

Descendants

Pali: nimmala
Dardic:
- Domaaki: [script needed] (nimōl)
- Gawar-Bati: نِمَلَ (nimalá)
Eastern:
- Magadhi Prakrit:
  - Bhojpuri: नीमन (nīman)
  - Maithili: niman
    Devanagari script: निमन
    
    Tirhuta script: 𑒢𑒱𑒧𑒢
Southern:
- Elu Prakrit:
  - Sinhalese: නිමල (nimala), නිමල් (nimal)
- Maharashtri Prakrit:
  - ⇒ Old Marathi:
    Devanagari script: निवळणे (nivaḷaṇe)
    
    Modi script: 𑘡𑘲𑘪𑘯𑘜𑘹 (nīvaḷaṇe)
    - Marathi: निवळणे (nivaḷṇe), निव्वळ (nivvaḷ)
Central:
- Shauraseni Prakrit:
  - Hindustani: nīman
    Hindi: नीमन
    
    Urdu: نِیمَن (nīman)
  - Punjabi: ਨਿੱਮਲ੍ (nimmal), ਨਿਮ੍ਬਾਲ੍ (nimbāl)
→ Dhivehi: ނިރުމަލަ (nirumala)
→ Punjabi: ਨਿਰਮਲੁ (nirmalu)