नद्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- নদ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬦᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
- নদ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰡𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀦𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- နဒ် (Burmese script)
- નદ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਨਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌨𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦤꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂢𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ನದ್ (Kannada script)
- នទ៑ (Khmer script)
- ນທ຺ (Lao script)
- നദ് (Malayalam script)
- ᠨᠠᡩ (Manchu script)
- 𑘡𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠨᠠᢑ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧁𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐣𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
- ନଦ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢥꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆤𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖡𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
- නද් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩯𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚝𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
- நத்³ (Tamil script)
- నద్ (Telugu script)
- นทฺ (Thai script)
- ན་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒢𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨝𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ned- (“to sound, roar, bellow”), which might be sound-symbolic. Mayrhofer adduces Proto-Indo-European *nedo- (“reed”) (that is, a "resonator (plant)" > "reed"), whence नड (naḍa, “reed”) and its relatives, as descendants.[1] Other derivatives include नदी (nadī, “river”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /nɐd/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /n̪ɐd̪/
Root
नद् • (nad)
Derived terms
Primary verbal forms
- नद॑ति (nádati, present)
- नदिष्यति (nadiṣyati, future)
- नदिता (naditā, periphrastic future)
- अनदीत् (anadīt, aorist)
- अनादीत् (anādīt, aorist)
- ननाद (nanāda, perfect)
Secondary forms
- नद्यते (nadyate, passive)
- न॒दय॑ति (nadáyati, causative)
- नादयति (nādayati, causative)
- अनीनदत् (anīnadat, causative aorist)
- नाद्यते (nādyate, passive of causative)
- निनदिषति (ninadiṣati, desiderative)
- नान॑त्ति (nā́natti, intensive)
- नानद्यते (nānadyate, intensive)
Non-finite forms
- नदित (nadita, past participle)
- नद्य (nadya, gerund)
Derived nominal forms
Prefixed root forms
- अभिनद् (abhinad)
- उन्नद् (unnad)
- निनद् (ninad)
- प्रतिनद् (pratinad)
- विनद् (vinad)
- संनद् (saṃnad)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “NAD”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 8-9
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “नद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 526/1.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “नद्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 87
- Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “नद्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 162
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 448
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume III, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 759